Liquid-filled varifocal lens on a chip

Choi, Seung Tae; Lee, Jeong Yub; Kwon, Jong Oh; Lee, Seungwan; Kim, Woonbae

doi:10.1117/12.811401

Cited by 22 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…No matter what revolutionary product you would design using DE actuation, you need it to react to the user input in a reasonable amount of time. For example, the large strains provided by EAPs can be advantageously used to make tunable lenses 5,6 and an optical zoom for a camera. The potential user will probably be amazed by how compact the EAP-based zoom is, but he won't buy if it doesn't react quickly: a response time of 60 seconds is not realistic for such an application, and a more realistic figure would be below 100 milliseconds.…”

Section: The Need For Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The need for speed

et al. 2012

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Development of dielectric elastomer actuators has been mainly targeted towards achieving giant static strain with little attention paid to their response speed, which can, depending on materials used, be as long as tens of seconds. However, most of the practical applications require actuators capable of changing shape quickly, therefore a careful choice of materials and technologies for the dielectric and electrodes must be made. Test oscillating actuators, made with a range of silicone membranes with different hardness were tested, and the compliant electrodes were made with different technologies: carbon powder, carbon grease, conductive rubber and metal ion implantation. The transient response of the actuators to a step input was measured with a high speed camera at 5000 frames per seconds for the different combinations of membrane material and electrodes. The results show that the dynamic response of the actuators is extremely dependent on the membrane material, as expected, but also on the compliant electrodes, whose impact cannot be neglected.

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Section: The Need For Speedmentioning

confidence: 99%

The need for speed

et al. 2012

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“…Such a multilayer device has been developed by Choi et al in [30]. This system was driven at a voltage level of V = 40 V, corresponding to …”

Section: Materials Properties and Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostrictive Polymers for Vibration Energy Harvesting

Lallart¹,

Cottinet²,

Capsal³

et al. 2012

Small-Scale Energy Harvesting

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“…8 In other designs, deformable actuators have been used to create a pressure gradient inside a lens chamber to deform the meniscus, thus shaping the lens profile. Examples of such driving mechanisms include electroactive polymers 9 and piezoelectric bimorph actuators, 10 all of which generally use large area actuators, making their integration challenging in space limited applications. Furthermore, fast focusing using a pinned-contact oscillating liquid lens has been reported, 11 which is based on a harmonically driven liquid meniscus.…”

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confidence: 99%