Liquid diets reduce cell proliferation but not neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus

Patten, Anna; Möller, Daniel; Graham, John G.; Gil-Mohapel, Joana; Christie, Brian R.

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.024

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…They hypothesised that survival rates may be upregulated in order to compensate for this decreased cell proliferation [34]. The study results demonstrated a hypothetical compensatory mechanism for neuronal proliferation when decreased by soft diets and further study into this is warranted.…”

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…It was postulated that the molarless condition may have exerted chronic stress on the mice and this could be responsible for the results. However, Patten, Moller et al (2013) state that despite there being differences in cell proliferation rates in rats (their study) and the mice in this study, the use of a single injection of BrdU to measure cell proliferation may not have been sufficiently accurate, as they attempted to validate their results by additionally using the more widely expressed markers, Ki67 and PCNA.…”

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Adult offspring of these dams showed attenuated prenatal stress-induced learning deficits and decreased dentate gyrus cell proliferation [33] C57BL/6J mice Liquid diet Liquid diet group showed impaired memory and learning ability. In the hippocampus, the number of pyramidal neurons and expression of Tropomyosin receptor kinase B was reduced, and expression of BDNF was increased [34] Sprague-Dawley rats Liquid diet No differences in neuronal differentiation and survival of newborn neurons were seen. A reduction of hippocampal neuronal proliferation was found in the liquid diet group [11] C57BL/6 mice Powder diet ± molar removal Reduced number and survival rate of newborn cells in powder diet and molarless mice [9] CD1 mice Molar removal Impaired distribution, structure and neurogenic capacity of newborn neurons in dentate gyrus of molarless mice…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental studies discussed, mainly done on mice, have consistently shown that impairing masticatory function results in both cellular and behavioural changes. A recurring theme identified is that of a decrease in neural stem cells proliferation in the hippocampus in many of the animal studies, when masticatory impairment was simulated by feeding mice a soft/powdered/liquid diet [10,19,33,34].…”

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was found that dams, chewing on a wooden dowel during induced stress by restraint resulted in a decreased stress-induced release in plasma corticosterone, with learning and memory deficits and reduced cell proliferation ameliorated in the DG of offspring [35]. The effect of liquid diet alone, however, has not been shown to alter the HPA axis nor increase corticosterone levels, and is not thought to contribute to decreased cell proliferation [34], yet it is interesting that the effects of induced stress by other means on AHN can be ameliorated by the act of chewing, such as suggested by the studies previously discussed. Another study looking at the positive effects of mastication, rather than the negative effects of its absence, found that neural stem cell survival in the hippocampus is increased and spatial memory is improved by forced mastication through feeding mice a hard diet [36].…”

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The impact of mastication on cognition: Evidence for intervention and the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Smith

Miquel-Kergoat²,

Thuret

2016

NUA

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Abstract. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus has been shown to affect mood, cognition, learning ability and memory. A growing area of interest is whether mastication or chewing also affects AHN. This article aims to collect the evidence from animal and human studies to ascertain whether mastication is an oral environment enrichment capable of having a modulatory effect on AHN and associated behaviors.Current data point toward a causal relationship between masticatory ability and cognitive function. Experimental studies on mice and rats have consistently shown that impairing masticatory function results in physical and behavioral changes. A recurring theme of decreased neural stem cells proliferation in the hippocampus was seen in most of the studies found. Human population study has shown that tooth loss and masticatory difficulty are positively correlated with having greater odds of cognitive impairment. However, no causal mechanism has yet been found to explain the effects of mastication on AHN.Further studies, especially in humans, are warranted to ascertain whether mastication could be used as a potential health intervention to slowdown cognitive decline in the aging population or delay the onset of diseases such as dementia.

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Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outcome Of Rodent Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The impact of mastication on cognition: Evidence for intervention and the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Smith

Miquel-Kergoat²,

Thuret

2016

NUA

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Liquid diet induces memory impairment accompanied by a decreased number of hippocampal neurons in mice

Okihara

Ito

Kokai

et al. 2014

J of Neuroscience Research

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It is suggested that masticatory dysfunction affects the central nervous system; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, TrkB, are known to play important roles in memory and learning. In this study, we examined the effects of mastication on memory, the expression levels of BDNF and TrkB, and the number of neurons in the hippocampus of mice. Male C57 BL/6J mice (3 weeks old) were randomly divided into the control group (N = 7) fed chow pellets and the experimental group (N = 7) fed a liquid diet, which reduces mastication during eating. At 14 weeks of age, we performed a passive avoidance test and found that memory and learning ability were impaired in the experimental group compared with the control group. After the behavioral experiment, brains were harvested and analyzed morphologically and biochemically. In the hippocampus of the experimental group, the expression levels of BDNF were significantly higher, whereas those of TrkB were lower than those of the control group. In the cerebral cortex, these levels remained unchanged between the two groups. The ratio of phospho-p44/42 ERK/pan ERK, a downstream molecule of BDNF/TrkB signaling, in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group in the cortex and hippocampus. The number of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus was lower in the experimental group than in the control group. These findings suggest that reduced mastication induced by a liquid diet in early childhood may impair memory and learning ability, accompanied by neuronal loss in the hippocampus.

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Emerging Pro-neurogenic Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Pre-clinical and Clinical Research

Vassal,

Martins,

Monteiro

et al. 2024

Mol Neurobiol

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The neuroscience community has largely accepted the notion that functional neurons can be generated from neural stem cells in the adult brain, especially in two brain regions: the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. However, impaired neurogenesis has been observed in some neurodegenerative diseases, particularly in Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases, and also in Lewy Body dementia. Therefore, restoration of neurogenic function in neurodegenerative diseases emerges as a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract, or at least delay, disease progression. Considering this, the present study summarizes the different neuronal niches, provides a collection of the therapeutic potential of different pro-neurogenic strategies in pre-clinical and clinical research, providing details about their possible modes of action, to guide future research and clinical practice.

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Liquid diets reduce cell proliferation but not neurogenesis in the adult rat hippocampus

Cited by 30 publications

References 68 publications

The impact of mastication on cognition: Evidence for intervention and the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis

The impact of mastication on cognition: Evidence for intervention and the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis

Liquid diet induces memory impairment accompanied by a decreased number of hippocampal neurons in mice

Emerging Pro-neurogenic Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Pre-clinical and Clinical Research

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