Liquid-assisted exfoliation of 2D hBN flakes and their dispersion in PEO to fabricate highly specific and stable linear humidity sensors

Sajid, Memoon; Kim, Hyun-Bum; Lim, Jong Hwan; Choi, Kyung Hyun

doi:10.1039/c7tc04933a

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Relative humidity (RH) sensing has garnered great attention due to versatile aspects of monitoring and controlling humidity for medicines, other sensitive products like food, human health, industry, and even in space environments 1–10 . Humidity sensors are designed to detect the amount water content in the surrounding environment by monitoring change in various parameters such as resistance, capacitance, refractive index, inductance, piezoelectric response and so on 11,12 . In particular, resistive and capacitive sensors have received high interest because of their low cost, facile fabrication, environment-friendly nature, and seamless integration with electronic circuits enabling a direct electrical readout 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive and Full Range Detectable Humidity Sensor using PEDOT:PSS, Methyl Red and Graphene Oxide Materials

Hassan

Sajid

Choi

2019

Sci Rep

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Single transducer with humidity sensing materials has limitations in both range and sensitivity, which cannot be used to detect the full range of humidity with consistent sensitivity. To enlarge range and improve sensitivity in the all range relative humidity (RH), we propose a highly sensitive and full range detectable humidity sensor based on multiple inter-digital transducer (IDT) electrodes connected in series with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped poly (styrene sulfonate) anions (PEDOT: PSS), C15H15N3O2 (Methyl Red), and graphene oxide (GO) thin films as the active sensing materials. The humidity sensor with single active material has a limit in the detecting ranges, where the GO, PEDOT: PSS, and Methyl Red materials have sensing responses of 0 to 78% RH, 30 to 75% RH, and 25 to 100% RH, respectively. However, a humidity sensor using combined three active materials can respond to much wider range of RH with high sensitivity, where the IDTs and the active regions were prepared using ink-jet printing and spin coating, respectively. This proposed sensor can detect a full range of 0% RH to 100% RH. The response and recovery times are 1 sec and 3.5 sec, respectively. Our single sensing device using multiple IDTs connected different active materials in series can overcome the limitations of single transducer based sensor for the high performance sensor applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Sensitive and Full Range Detectable Humidity Sensor using PEDOT:PSS, Methyl Red and Graphene Oxide Materials

Hassan

Sajid

Choi

2019

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…The humidity sensing mechanism for the adsorption of water molecules on the surface of PEO−CuO−MWCNTs is displayed in Figure 11 . The rough and smooth surface of nanocomposites can be indirectly detected by the addition of CuO nanoparticles inside the hydrophilic polymer matrix to improve the large surface area of the nanocomposite, which enables more water molecules to be adsorbed on the sensing material [ 5 ]. On the contrary, the formation of hydrogen bonds between hydrophilic PEO and water molecules enhances the humidity sensing response [ 10 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of materials are used to fabricate humidity sensors such as ceramics, semiconductors and polymers; these sensors follow different mechanisms for measuring the humidity level, which include humidity sensing by change in resistance, capacitance, surface acoustic wave, optical fiber and quartz crystal microbalance [ 4 ]. Owing to economical and specific detection mechanisms, capacitive sensors are the most widely used [ 5 ]. The mechanism of resistance-dependent humidity sensors hinges on the impedance of the sensing layer, while the capacitive one depends on the dielectric constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, hydrophilic polymers can be used to fabricate high-sensitivity humidity sensors by crosslinking, grafting or by incorporation of a variety of fillers [ 20 , 22 , 23 ]. Very recently it has been reported that polymeric humidity sensors exhibited unique sensing properties by tuning their electrical characteristics, including the capacitance, at various humidity and conductivity levels as a function of the polymeric moisture content [ 5 ]. For instance, the active layer of polyethylene oxide (PEO) is a good candidate for humidity sensing because of the variation in conduction of its ion due to changing the RH [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Sensitive Humidity Sensors Based on Polyethylene Oxide/CuO/Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Nanofibers

et al. 2021

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Polymer composites are favorite materials for sensing applications due to their low cost and easy fabrication. In the current study, composite nanofibers consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with 1% and 3% of fillers (i.e., PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 1%, and PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 3%) were successfully developed through electrospinning for humidity sensing applications. The composite nanofibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. Firstly, they were loaded on an interdigitated electrode (IDE), and then the humidity sensing efficiency was investigated through a digital LCR meter (E4980) at different frequencies (100 Hz–1MHz), as well as the percentage of relative humidity (RH). The results indicated that the composite nanofibers containing 1% and 3% MWCNT, combined with CuO in PEO polymer matrix, showed potent resistive and capacitive response along with high sensitivity to humidity at room temperature in an RH range of 30–90%. More specifically, the PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 1% nanocomposite displayed a resistive rapid response time within 3 s and a long recovery time of 22 s, while the PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 3% one exhibited 20 s and 11 s between the same RH range, respectively.

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“…Mechanically exfoliated monocrystalline hBN [ 24,25 ] was favored over that produced by other approaches such as chemical vapor deposition [ 26,27 ] or chemical/liquid‐assisted exfoliation [ 28–30 ] for its superior material quality (lower defect density). [ 31 ] We adopted a PVA‐assisted micro‐mechanical cleavage and exfoliation method to obtain monolayer hBN flakes from bulk hBN crystals.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Electromigration in Metal Interconnects via Hexagonal Boron Nitride as an Ångström‐Thin Passivation Layer

Jeong

Douglas

Misra

et al. 2021

Adv Elect Materials

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Electromigration in metal interconnects remains a significant challenge in the continued scaling of integrated circuits towards ever‐smaller single‐nanometer nodes. Conventional damascene architectures of barrier/liner layers and conducting metal cause inevitable compromises between device performance and feature dimensions. In contrast to contemporary barrier/liner materials (e.g., Co, Ta, and Ru), an ultrathin passivation layer that can effectively mitigate electromigration is needed. At the ultimate atomically‐thin limit, 2D materials are promising candidates given their exceptional mechanical properties and impermeability. Here, a facile and effective approach is presented to mitigating electromigration in copper (Cu) interconnects via passivation with insulating monolayer 2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN). The hBN‐passivated Cu interconnects, compared to otherwise identical but bare Cu interconnects, exhibit on average a >20% higher breakdown current density and a >2600% longer lifetime (at a high current density of 5.4 × 107 A cm−2). Post‐mortem metrology elucidates uniform conformal contact between the hBN‐passivated Cu interface and common failure features due to electromigration.

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Liquid-assisted exfoliation of 2D hBN flakes and their dispersion in PEO to fabricate highly specific and stable linear humidity sensors

Abstract: A highly specific and sensitive linear humidity sensor has been fabricated using a dispersion of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes in polyethylene oxide (PEO).

Cited by 44 publications

References 73 publications

Highly Sensitive and Full Range Detectable Humidity Sensor using PEDOT:PSS, Methyl Red and Graphene Oxide Materials

Highly Sensitive and Full Range Detectable Humidity Sensor using PEDOT:PSS, Methyl Red and Graphene Oxide Materials

Highly Sensitive Humidity Sensors Based on Polyethylene Oxide/CuO/Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite Nanofibers

Mitigation of Electromigration in Metal Interconnects via Hexagonal Boron Nitride as an Ångström‐Thin Passivation Layer

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