Lipotoxicity-related sarcopenia: a review

Aldahhan, Rashid A; Motawei, Kamaluddin; Al-Hariri, Mohammed

doi:10.25122/jml-2022-0157

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Capillaries, which are crucial for nutrient transport to cells, show a correlation with health-related indicators. Recent studies have reported an inverse relationship between body fat mass and capillary diameter, underscoring the importance of reducing body fat through continuous exercise therapy [30]. However, exercise therapy poses a risk of triggering cardiovascular events in high-risk elderly individuals [31], making sustained implementation challenging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Capillary Responses to Acute Exercise in Hypertensive Seniors: Insights from a Single-Center Pilot Study

Miura,

Kohzuki,

Saito

et al. 2024

JCM

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate nailfold capillary parameters in community-dwelling individuals aged over 60 years who have hypertension and do not exercise regularly. Furthermore, the study examined the correlations between capillary function and other health-related indicators. Design: This study was a single- center pilot trial. Setting: The study took place in the Faculty of Health, Tsukuba University of Technology, Japan. Participants: Hypertensive community-dwelling elderly people took part in the study. Intervention: Microcirculation was observed before and 1 min after an arm-curl exercise by means of capillary microscopy of the non-exercised limb. Additionally, we examined other health-related indicators. Methods: We measured the acute effects of reperfusion on nailfold density, flow, and diameters. Secondary outcomes included the correlations between microvascular parameters and other health-related indicators. We hypothesized that brief exercise could enhance microcirculation reperfusion and correlate with other health-related parameters. Results: There were 20 participants with a mean (SD) age of 67.1 (5.8) years. The capillary flow rate changed from 2.3 ± 6.7 to 2.7 ± 0.2 log µm/s (p < 0.01), and the capillary density changed from 0.8 ± 0.2 to 0.9 ± 0.1 log/mm (p < 0.01), which included a significant increase in the non-exercising limb. Significant correlations were observed between the nailfold capillary diameter and body fat mass, the capillary diameter and physical activity, and the capillary density and bone mineral density. Conclusions: The acute effects of exercise on high-risk elderly individuals can be safe, and even 1 of min exercise can potentially improve their nailfold capillary function, despite the brief time, compared to no exercise. The results indicate that capillaries have an impact on the function of the whole body. Thus, they may be a useful diagnostic tool for assessing nailfold capillaries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic Capillary Responses to Acute Exercise in Hypertensive Seniors: Insights from a Single-Center Pilot Study

Miura,

Kohzuki,

Saito

et al. 2024

JCM

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“…In obese status, the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) from adipocytes and macrophages, triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling in muscle cells, followed by increasing the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and forkhead box O (FoxO) family, especially FoxO3a, finally promotes the gene expression of MAFbx and MuRF1 and accelerates proteolysis [13][14] . In addition, obesity also suppresses muscle protein synthesis via inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (also called Akt) pathway [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Krill oil attenuates obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice

Zhou,

Yang,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Food Science and Human Wellness

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Obesity is associated with skeletal muscle mass loss and physical dysfunction. Krill oil (KO) has been shown to be beneficial in human health. However, the effect of KO on obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy is still unclear. In this study, the male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce obesity, and then were intragastric administration with 400 mg/kg bw KO for an additional 6 weeks. The results showed that KO treatment reduced body weight, fat accumulation and serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in HFD-induced obese mice. Importantly, KO treatment attenuated skeletal muscle atrophy in HFD-fed mice, as evidenced by preserving skeletal muscle mass, average myofiber cross-sectional area and grip strength. KO administration also mitigated obesity-induced ectopic lipid deposition and inflammatory response in skeletal muscle. Additionally, KO treatment inhibited the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and forkhead box O 3a (FoxO3a), and then down-regulated muscle atrophy F-box (MAFbx) and muscle-specific RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1) protein levels in skeletal muscle from HFD-fed mice. KO administration also improved obesity-induced impaired muscle protein synthesis via activating PI3K/Akt pathway. Furthermore, KO treatment enhanced muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in HFD-induced obese mice via activating PGC-1α pathway. Collectively, KO might be developed as a potential nutritional supplement for the prevention and treatment of obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy.

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Comparative analysis of Sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly: exploring the impact of liver cirrhosis

Romano,

Cornacchia,

Sangineto

et al. 2024

Intern Emerg Med

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The progressive aging of the population has led to a rise in geriatric pathologies, with sarcopenia, characterized by muscle mass and function loss, becoming a crucial prognostic indicator. This study investigates sarcopenia in elderly hospitalized patients with advanced chronic liver disease (cirrhotic) and non-liver disease patients, comparing their prevalence and exploring correlations with anthropometric and biochemical factors. The cohort of 115 patients, including 50 cirrhotic and 65 non-cirrhotic individuals, exhibited significant comorbidities and a mean age of 78.4 years. Cirrhotic patients presented distinct laboratory parameters indicating liver damage. Applying European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria, probable sarcopenia prevalence was similar in cirrhotic (62%) and non-cirrhotic (63%) patients. Stratifying probable sarcopenia into confirmed sarcopenia and dynapenia revealed no significant differences between populations. Correlation analyses demonstrated positive associations between Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass (ASM) and anthropometric parameters, malnutrition risk, and grip strength. In cirrhotic patients, muscle mass inversely correlated with liver damage. Odds ratio analysis highlighted the Mini Nutritional Assesment’s (MNA) significant predictive capability for sarcopenia. ROC curve analysis affirmed MNA and biochemical markers' combined use, such as transferrin, albumin, total cholesterol, lymphocyte count and C-reactive protein as a strong predictor. Despite limitations, such as a small sample size, this study underscores the significance of thorough sarcopenia screening in elderly hospitalized patients, especially those with cirrhosis. Indeed, individuals with end-stage liver disease are particularly susceptible to sarcopenia. A more personalized approach utilizing tools like MNA and biochemical markers could prove beneficial. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and inform clinical interventions.

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Lipotoxicity-related sarcopenia: a review

Cited by 7 publications

References 75 publications

Systemic Capillary Responses to Acute Exercise in Hypertensive Seniors: Insights from a Single-Center Pilot Study

Systemic Capillary Responses to Acute Exercise in Hypertensive Seniors: Insights from a Single-Center Pilot Study

Krill oil attenuates obesity-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in mice

Comparative analysis of Sarcopenia in hospitalized elderly: exploring the impact of liver cirrhosis

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