Lipoprotein charge and vascular lipid metabolism

Apolipoprotein B-100-targeted negatively charged nanoliposomes for the treatment of dyslipidemia

“…Anionic phospholipids enhance reverse cholesterol transport via induction of both ATP binding Page 16 of 33 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 16 cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and apo A-I expression and secretion (33). These effects increase the net flux of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to HDL and subsequent clearance of cholesterol by liver (32,33).…”

“…Anionic phospholipids such as PI and PG may also regulate triglyceride metabolism by stimulation of triglyceride lipases including hepatic-, lipoprotein-and pancreatic lipase. It has been suggested that anionic phospholipids increase the clearance of triglycerides by reducing hepatic lipase interaction with HDL, while increasing the enzyme affinity for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (16,39,40). …”

“…Both animal as well as clinical trials have confirmed that oral administration of these products significantly reduces serum concentrations of LDLcholesterol and triglycerides, and increases those of HDL-C (9-15). Moreover, anionic phospholipids such as PI and PE have been the subject of particular interest for their hypolipidemic activity owing to their important roles in molecular signaling and interaction with receptors involved in the metabolism, secretion and clearance of lipoproteins (16). However, it remains elusive whether intravenous administration of phospholipids in the form of targeted nanoliposomes may cause an efficient and rapid reduction of serum LDL-C concentrations.…”

HDL-ApoE Content Regulates the Displacement of Hepatic Lipase from Cell Surface Proteoglycans

“…An increase in vascular fatty acid levels result in an increased negative charge in the interfacial environment around the HDL, which could also result in the release and the activation of HL. 40,49 It has previously been shown that an increase in the net negative charge on HDL results in a decreased affinity of HL for HDL and an increase in TG lipolysis. 40 …”

Can phosphatidylserine enhance atheroprotective activities of high-density lipoprotein?

“…PS is biochemically important due to its unique intermolecular electrostatic repulsion, plasma membrane distribution and specific interactions with surface proteins [7,8]. HDL displays the highest negative surface potential among plasma lipoproteins corresponding to the net charge of À12 mV [9]. The low amounts of PS, together with other negatively charged-phospholipids, may contribute to the net negative charge of HDL [6].…”