Lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma as parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Nimmanapalli, Harini Devi; Kasi, Ambika Devi; Devapatla, Prabath kumar; Nuttakki, Vani

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161966

Cited by 44 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Numerous risk scores have been developed to predict CVD risk (Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIF); Framingham and Reynolds scores; etc.) [158,159]. These scores are based on clinical observations of individual traditional biomarkers of serum lipids, glucose, and hormone profile [159].…”

Section: Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Early Disease Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A New Era with the NMR Metabolomics Assessment

et al. 2020

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The metabolic syndrome is a multifactorial disease developed due to accumulation and chronification of several risk factors associated with disrupted metabolism. The early detection of the biomarkers by NMR spectroscopy could be helpful to prevent multifactorial diseases. The exposure of each risk factor can be detected by traditional molecular markers but the current biomarkers have not been enough precise to detect the primary stages of disease. Thus, there is a need to obtain novel molecular markers of pre-disease stages. A promising source of new molecular markers are metabolomics standing out the research of biomarkers in NMR approaches. An increasing number of nutritionists integrate metabolomics into their study design, making nutrimetabolomics one of the most promising avenues for improving personalized nutrition. This review highlight the major five risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome and related diseases including carbohydrate dysfunction, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Together, it is proposed a profile of metabolites of each risk factor obtained from NMR approaches to target them using personalized nutrition, which will improve the quality of life for these patients.

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Section: Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Early Disease Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A New Era with the NMR Metabolomics Assessment

et al. 2020

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“…The study by Nimmanapalli et al. () showed that there is a significant correlation and association between atherogenic indices and nitric oxide, a marker of endothelial dysfunction. The findings of Bhardwaj et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recall, that reductions in serum or plasma levels of LDL cholesterol have been considered to reduce risk of developing atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (Shen, 2007 (Hermans et al, 2011). This makes it a better predictor of cardiovascular disease risk than a simple measure of LDL cholesterol (Brunzell et al, 2008;Nimmanapalli, Kasi, Devapatla, & Nuttakki, 2016;Peters, 2008). Therefore, the raised serum levels of non-HDL cholesterol produced by the administration of the takere suspension may signify predisposition of its consumers to higher risks of cardiovascular disorders.…”

Section: Moderation Of Serum Lipid Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Nimmanapalli et al (2016) showed that there is a significant correlation and association between atherogenic indices and nitric oxide, a marker of endothelial dysfunction. The findings of Bhardwaj et al (2013) suggested that atherogenic coefficient reflects atherogenic potential of the entire spectrum of lipoprotein fractions and hence predicts cardiovascular risk.…”

Section: Moderation Of Atherogenic Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of “edible clay” (takere) suspension on serum lipid profiles and atherogenic indices of normal Wistar rats

Ikewuchi

Ezeka

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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This study was undertaken to ascertain the effect of an aqueous suspension of a commonly available preparation of edible clay (“takere”) on serum lipid profiles and atherogenic indices of normal Wistar rats. Ninety‐five adult Wistar rats of average weight of 100 g were assigned into seven groups. Group 1 (Baseline) was immediately sacrificed at the commencement of study; Group 2 (Control) daily received distilled water, orally; and Groups 3 to 7 received via the same route (per body weight), 125 mg/kg (T125), 250 mg/kg (T250), 500 mg/kg (T500), 1,000 mg/kg (T1000), and 2,000 mg/kg (T2000) of the takere suspension, respectively, for 28 days. In week 1, the treatments significantly ( p < 0.05) lowered the levels of serum triglyceride (by T250, T1000, and T2000), VLDL cholesterol (by T250, T1000, and T2000), and atherogenic index of plasma ( AIP ; by T250) and significantly ( p < 0.05) raised the levels of serum HDL (T250), LDL (T250 and T2000), non‐ HDL (T2000) cholesterols, atherogenic coefficient ( AC ; T2000), cardiac risk ratio ( CRR ; T2000), and Castelli's risk index II ( CRI ‐ II ; T2000) of the rats. In week 2, the treatments significantly ( p < 0.05) lowered the levels of serum triglyceride (T2000), HDL (T125, T500, T1000, and T2000), VLDL (T2000) cholesterols and significantly ( p < 0.05) raised levels of serum LDL (T125, T1000, and T2000), non‐ HDL (T125, T1000, and T2000) cholesterols, AC (T125, T500, and T1000), CRR (T125, T500, and T1000), CRI ‐ II (T125 and T1000), AIP (T125, T500, and T1000) of the rats. In week 4, the treatments significantly ( p < 0.05) raised the levels of serum total (T500 and T2000), HDL (T2000), non‐ HDL (T500 and T1000) cholesterols, AC (T500), CRR (T500), and CRI ‐ II (T500). This result indicates that the consumption of takere suspension may have adverse effects on serum lipid profiles and atherogenic indices of Wistar rats, at least at the doses administered in this study.

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“…Likewise, total cholesterol, HDL and TG were analysed by CHOD-POD, CHOD-POD/phosphotungstate method and GPO-PAP method respectively. LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) was computed from Friedwaldequation [8] i.e. LDL=Total Cholesterol-[HDL+VLDL] where VLDL=TG/5.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking and its Correlation with Inflammatory Markers and Cardiovascular Risks in Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Patients

Shrestha¹,

Sharma²,

Kumar³

et al. 2019

jemds

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A B S T R A C T BACKGROUNDCigarette consumption increases both the risk of diabetes and diabetic vascular complications. It is associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and inflammation. However, the exact mechanisms are still to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to compare the levels of inflammatory markers and assess the cardiovascular risks in terms of CRR, AI, AC and AIP among the patients with prediabetes and diabetes. METHODSThis study included 100 control subjects, 145 pre-diabetic and 126 diabetic patients. The patients were further categorised into non-smoker (44 pre-diabetes and 40 diabetes) and smoker (101 pre-diabetes and 86 diabetes) groups. Inflammatory biomarkers like fibrinogen, CRP, IL-6, adiponectin and uric acid were assayed with standard kit methods. RESULTSWe observed high levels of fibrinogen, CRP, IL-6 and uric acid, and low levels of adiponectin in pre-diabetic and diabetic smoker group compared to their nonsmoker counterparts but the level of statistical significance was achieved in case of adiponectin only. Pre-diabetic smokers also demonstrated significantly high fibrinogen compared to pre-diabetic non-smokers. We also found high cardiovascular risk in pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals irrespective of smoking status. Further we documented significant association of inflammatory markers with cardiac risk indices especially in case of diabetic patients and the association was more profound in the patients who smoked. CONCLUSIONSThus, from this study, it is evident that both pre-diabetic and diabetic individuals are highly susceptible to CVD risks induced by smoking. Diabetic individuals are further at a great risk compared to pre-diabetic individuals. So, quitting smoking can reverse the unwanted health outcomes of diabetes.

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Lipid ratios, atherogenic coefficient and atherogenic index of plasma as parameters in assessing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 44 publications

References 8 publications

Detection of Early Disease Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A New Era with the NMR Metabolomics Assessment

Detection of Early Disease Risk Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome: A New Era with the NMR Metabolomics Assessment

Effect of “edible clay” (takere) suspension on serum lipid profiles and atherogenic indices of normal Wistar rats

Smoking and its Correlation with Inflammatory Markers and Cardiovascular Risks in Pre-Diabetic and Diabetic Patients

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