Linking the Electrical Conductivity and Non-Stoichiometry of Thin Film Ce1−xZrxO2−δ by a Resonant Nanobalance Approach

Kogut, Igor; Wollbrink, Alexander; Steiner, Carsten; Wulfmeier, Hendrik; Azzouzi, Fatima-Ezzahrae El; Moos, Ralf; Fritze, Holger

doi:10.3390/ma14040748

Cited by 9 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(250 reference statements)

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“…This agrees well with the grain size as determined by XRD. We note also the irregularly shaped relatively large particles randomly dispersed over the surface of films, whose surface density increased with ZrO 2 fraction in the material, as previously reported in [29]. Within the measurement error, the EDS analysis of the particles revealed the same composition as the ''islands''.…”

Section: Microstructural and Chemical Characterization Of Ce 12x Zr X O 22dsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Bulk ceramic specimens of CeO 2 -ZrO 2 solid solutions (Ce 1-x Zr x O 2-d ; CZO; 0 B x B 0.67) were fabricated by solid-state reactions with calcination and sintering at 1650°C as in details reported in our previous work [29]. The resulting pellets served as targets for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of CZO films onto sapphire substrates (Al 2 O 3 ) using a 248 nm excimer KrF laser (COMPex, Coherent, Inc., Santa Clara, USA) operated at pulse rate of 10 Hz with 200 mJ pulse energy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The depositions were conducted in an evacuated chamber (5 9 10 -4 -10 -3 Pa during sputtering) with no intentional heating of the substrates. After deposition, the films were heat-treated in air at 900°C for 1 h in order to restore the oxygen stoichiometry [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a confidence level of 95.4%, the uncertainties of the determined elemental fractions were about 1.5% for Ce and Zr and 3.2% for oxygen. The Ce 1-x Zr x O 2-d bulk samples and PLD targets also contained nonintentional impurities of several 100 ppm [29], which may cause the formation of extrinsic oxygen vacancies (see sec. 3.3).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we reported on the high-temperature electrical conductivity (r) and non-stoichiometry (d) of Ce 1-x Zr x O 2-d films in oxygen-deficient atmosphere [29], where DC measurements and impedance spectroscopy were applied for determining d, in conjunction with a resonant nanobalance method. A correlation between the conductivity r and non-stoichiometry d of CZO films in terms of slopes derived from log-log representations of their pO 2 -dependences at 800-900°C was evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the electrical conductivity of bulk and film Ce1–xZrxO2–δ in oxygen-depleted atmospheres at high temperatures

et al. 2021

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Featuring high levels of achievable oxygen non-stoichiometry δ, Ce1−xZrxO2−δ solid solutions (CZO) are crucial for application as oxygen storage materials in, for example, automotive three-way catalytic converters (TWC). The use of CZO in form of films combined with simple manufacturing methods is beneficial in view of device miniaturization and reducing of TWC manufacturing costs. In this study, a comparative microstructural and electrochemical characterization of film and conventional bulk CZO is performed using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and impedance spectroscopy. The films were composed of grains with dimensions of 100 nm or less, and the bulk samples had about 1 µm large grains. The electrical behavior of nanostructured films and coarse-grained bulk CZO (x > 0) was qualitatively similar at high temperatures and under reducing atmospheres. This is explained by dominating effect of Zr addition, which masks microstructural effects on electrical conductivity, enhances the reducibility, and favors strongly electronic conductivity of CZO at temperatures even 200 K lower than those for pure ceria. The nanostructured CeO2 films had much higher electrical conductivity with different trends in dependence on temperature and reducing atmospheres than their bulk counterparts. For the latter, the conductivity was dominantly electronic, and microstructural effects were significant at T < 700 °C. Nanostructural peculiarities of CeO2 films are assumed to induce their more pronounced ionic conduction at medium oxygen partial pressures and relatively low temperatures. The defect interactions in bulk and film CZO under reducing conditions are discussed in the framework of conventional defect models for ceria.

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Section: Microstructural and Chemical Characterization Of Ce 12x Zr X O 22dsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of the electrical conductivity of bulk and film Ce1–xZrxO2–δ in oxygen-depleted atmospheres at high temperatures

et al. 2021

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Chemical expansion of CeO2−δ and Ce0.8Zr0.2O2−δ thin films determined by laser Doppler vibrometry at high temperatures and different oxygen partial pressures

et al. 2023

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The chemical expansion of ceria (CeO2−δ) and ceria-zirconia (Ce0.8Zr0.2O2−δ, CZO80) thin films is investigated by high-temperature laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) at temperatures from 600 to 950 °C. The films are deposited on single-crystalline 8 mol-% yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates, which act as pumping cells to adjust oxygen non-stoichiometry in the thin films. Oxygen deficiency causes film expansion, leading to mechanical strain that bends the sample. The total displacement, i.e., the sum of bending and film-thickness change, is determined contact-less by LDV. A differential laser Doppler vibrometer (D-LDV) is realized to enable measurements on a very long time scale, which is necessary due to the long equilibrium times of the ceramic films. These displacements are compared to those acquired with a commercial single-point laser Doppler vibrometer (SP-LDV) for motions above 1 Hz. Here, both devices yield similar results. CZO80 films are found to bend a substrate much more than ceria films under similar experimental conditions. A model describing the displacement of the sample is derived from the Stoney model and applied to calculate deflections using literature data. The displacements at the center of the CZO80 sample measured with the SP-LDV increase from 0.18 nm at 10 Hz and 600 °C to 32.7 nm at 0.1 Hz and 800 °C. For ceria, the displacements range from 1.6 nm (10 Hz, 800 °C) to 79.4 nm (0.1 Hz, 900 °C). The D-LDV enables the detection of quasi-static displacements at very low frequencies. The ceria sample exhibits 218 nm at 0.001 Hz and 800 °C.

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Zirconia-Based Nanomaterials for Alternative Energy Application: Concept of Research in Smart Laboratory

Gorban

Shylo²,

Dmitrenko³

et al. 2022

Arab J Sci Eng

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Linking the Electrical Conductivity and Non-Stoichiometry of Thin Film Ce1−xZrxO2−δ by a Resonant Nanobalance Approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 93 publications

Comparison of the electrical conductivity of bulk and film Ce1–xZrxO2–δ in oxygen-depleted atmospheres at high temperatures

Comparison of the electrical conductivity of bulk and film Ce1–xZrxO2–δ in oxygen-depleted atmospheres at high temperatures

Chemical expansion of CeO2−δ and Ce0.8Zr0.2O2−δ thin films determined by laser Doppler vibrometry at high temperatures and different oxygen partial pressures

Zirconia-Based Nanomaterials for Alternative Energy Application: Concept of Research in Smart Laboratory

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