Linking Species Richness, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Soil Systems

Coleman, David C.; Whitman, William B.

doi:10.1002/chin.200705265

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(57 reference statements)

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“…As a consequence, these interactions between soil fauna and plants are central in regulating ecosystem processes such as soil respiration (Heemsbergen et al . ; Coleman & Whitman ) and litter mass loss (Heemsbergen et al . ; Cornwell et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts and linkages of functional diversity between above‐ and below‐ground compartments along a flooding gradient

et al. 2016

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Summary 1.Trait-based approaches have the potential to reveal general and predictive relationships between organisms and ecosystem functioning. However, the mechanisms underlying the functional structure of communities are still unclear. Within terrestrial ecosystems, several studies have shown that many ecological processes are controlled by the interacting above-and belowground compartments. However, few studies have used traits to reveal the functional relationships between plants and soil fauna. Mostly, research combining plants and soil fauna solely used the traits of one assemblage in predictive studies. 2. Above-ground (plants) and below-ground (Collembola) compartments were sampled over a flooding gradient in northern France along the Seine River. First, we measured the effect of flooding on functional and taxonomic assembly within both communities. We then considered the linkages between plant and Collembolan species richness, community traits and assessed whether traits of both compartments converged at high flooding intensity (abiotic filtering) and diverged when this constraint is released (biotic filtering). 3. Species richness of both taxa followed the same bell-shaped pattern along the gradient, while a similar significant pattern of functional richness was only observed for plants. Further analyses revealed a progressive shift from trait convergence to divergence for plants, but not for Collembola, as constraints intensity decreased. Instead, our results highlighted that Collembola traits were mainly linked to the variations in plant traits. This leads, within Collembola assemblages, to convergence of a subset of perception and habitat-related traits for which the relationship with plant traits was assessed. 4. Synthesis. Using a trait-based approach, our study highlighted that functional relationships occur between above-and below-ground compartments. We underlined that functional composition of plant communities plays a key role in structuring Collembola assemblages in addition to the role of abiotic variables. Our study clearly shows that functional diversity provides a new approach to link the above-and below-ground compartments and might, therefore, be further considered when studying ecological processes at the interface between both compartments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shifts and linkages of functional diversity between above‐ and below‐ground compartments along a flooding gradient

et al. 2016

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“…Environmental microbial ecology studies have been revolutionized by the advent of molecular biology which has provided access to the environmental ‘microbial dark matter’, that is the vast majority of yet‐to‐culture phylo/genotypes that still include complete bacterial divisions (Coleman and Whitman ; Jansson and Prosser ; Rinke et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalization of environmental metagenomic DNA enhances the discovery of under-represented microbial community members

Ramond

Makhalanyane

Tuffin

et al. 2015

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Normalization is a procedure classically employed to detect rare sequences in cellular expression profiles (i.e. cDNA libraries). Here, we present a normalization protocol involving the direct treatment of extracted environmental metagenomic DNA with S1 nuclease; referred to as normalization of metagenomic DNA: NmDNA. We demonstrate that NmDNA, prior to post hoc PCR based experiments (16S rRNA gene T-RFLP fingerprinting and clone library), increased the diversity of sequences retrieved from environmental microbial communities by detection of rarer sequences. This approach could be used to enhance the resolution of detection of ecologically relevant rare members in environmental microbial assemblages and . therefore is promising in enabling a better understanding of ecosystem functioning Significance and Impact of the StudyThis study is the first testing 'normalization' on environmental metagenomic DNA (mDNA).The aim of this procedure was to improve the identification of rare phylotypes environmental communities. Using hypoliths as model systems, we present evidence that this post-mDNA extraction molecular procedure substantially enhances the detection of less common phylotypes and could even lead to the discovery of novel microbial genotypes within a given environment.3

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“…The estimated number of species in soil is 100 000 for protozoa; 500 000 for nematodes; 7000 for earthworms; and a significant proportion of the 1.5 million fungal species (Susilo et al ., ; Coleman & Whitman, ). The number of bacterial species range between 6000 and 50 000 (Van Der Heijden et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and multitrophic interactions in soil: the primacy of plants and functional domains

Chakraborty

Pangga

Roper

2012

Global Change Biology

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Soil multitrophic interactions transfer energy from plants as the predominant primary producer to communities of organisms that occupy different positions in the food chain and are linked by multiple ecological networks, which is the soil food web. Soil food web sequesters carbon, cycles nutrients, maintains soil health to suppress pathogens, helps plants tolerate abiotic and biotic stress, and maintains ecosystem resilience and sustainability. Understanding the influence of climate change on soil multitrophic interactions is necessary to maintain these essential ecosystem services. But summarising this influence is a daunting task due to a paucity of knowledge and a lack of clarity on the ecological networks that constitute these interactions. The scant literature is fragmented along disciplinary lines, often reporting inconsistent findings that are context and scale‐dependent. We argue for the differentiation of soil multitrophic interactions along functional and spatial domains to capture cross‐disciplinary knowledge and mechanistically link all ecological networks to reproduce full functionalities of the soil food web. Distinct from litter mediated interactions in detritosphere or elsewhere in the soil, the proposed ‘pathogen suppression’ and ‘stress tolerance’ interactions operate in the rhizosphere. A review of the literature suggests that climate change will influence the relative importance, frequency and composition of functional groups, their trophic interactions and processes controlling these interactions. Specific climate change factors generally have a beneficial influence on pathogen suppression and stress tolerance, but findings on the overall soil food web are inconsistent due to a high level of uncertainty. In addition to an overall improvement in the understanding of soil multitrophic interactions using empirical and modelling approaches, we recommend linking biodiversity to function, understanding influence of combinations of climatic factors on multitrophic interactions and the evolutionary ecology of multitrophic interactions in a changing climate as areas that deserve most attention.

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Linking Species Richness, Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function in Soil Systems

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Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Shifts and linkages of functional diversity between above‐ and below‐ground compartments along a flooding gradient

Shifts and linkages of functional diversity between above‐ and below‐ground compartments along a flooding gradient

Normalization of environmental metagenomic DNA enhances the discovery of under-represented microbial community members

Climate change and multitrophic interactions in soil: the primacy of plants and functional domains

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