Linfoma Canino – Achados Clínico-Patológicos

Abstract

RESUMO -O linfoma é uma neoplasia com origem nos tecidos hematopoiéticos sólidos e é um dos tumores mais freqüentes em cães. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais obtidos foram retirados dos prontuários de 54 cães com diagnóstico de linfoma, atendidos num período de 28 meses (fevereiro de 1997 a maio de 1999) no Hospital -Botucatu -SP. O objetivo foi descrever as alterações hematológicas, do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico nestes cães. As alterações hematológicas mais freqüentes foram anemia e leucocitose, que ocorreram em 44,44% dos casos. As alterações do exame de urina e do perfil bioquímico sérico foram infreqüentes. O aumento sérico da bilirrubina e das enzimas hepáticas sugerem invasão do fígado por células neoplásicas. A hipercalcemia e hiperglobulinemia foram as síndromes paraneoplásicas suspeitas neste estudo. Conclui-se que os achados bioquímicos e hematológicos do linfoma canino são inespecíficos e variados.Palavras chave: cão, linfoma, perfil bioquímico, hematologia, urinálise.ABSTRACT -Canine lymphoma, one of the frequently detected tumors in dogs, is a neoplasia originating in lymphoid tissues. Over a period of 28 months (February 1997 -May 1999) the hematologic, urinalysis and biochemical alterations of 54 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of lymphoma were evaluated at the Veterinary Hospital -Botucatu, SP. Anemia and leukocytosis were the most frequent hematological changes occurring in 44.44% of the cases. Changes in the routine urinalysis or serum clinical chemistry were infrequent. Increased serum levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes suggest invasion of the liver by neoplastic cells. Hypercalcemia and hypergammaglobulinemia were suspected as paraneoplasic syndromes in this study. We conclude that the biochemical and hematological findings of canine lymphoma are nonspecific and variable.

Epidemiological, clinical and immunohistochemical aspects of canine lymphoma in the region of Porto Alegre, Brazil

“…While hyperglobulinemia was common (20%), the evaluation of the fractions with protein electrophoresis showed that only 7% of the animals had a gammopathy. Cardoso et al (2004b) also reported 20% of cases with hyperglobulinemia; however, protein electrophoresis was not performed in their study. The excessive increase in production of immunoglobulin G interferes with platelet function, causing coagulation disorders and a hyperviscosity syndrome, which can lead to neurological, cardiac and renal disorders (Fighera et al 2002).…”

“…Lymphopenia (30%) was a common finding in this study and was encountered more often than lymphocytosis (7%) and occurs due to sequestration of lymphocytes because of lymph stasis (Latimer & Prasse 2003). Lymphocytosis has been observed in 20 to 22% of dogs with lymphoma (Cardoso et al 2004b, Cápua et al 2011, but in animals with leukemic lymphoma, the occurrence increases to 86% (Tasca et al 2009). Although not a common finding in our study, atypical lymphocytes were detected in 17% of the cases, all of them with bone marrow involvement.…”

“…Others studies detected anemia in 32 to 48% of dogs with lymphoma (Cardoso et al 2004b, Gavazza et al 2008, Miller et al 2009). The increased number of anemic patients in this study was most likely due to their more advanced clinical stage and sub-stage.…”

“…Leukocytosis is often detected in dogs with lymphoma, reflecting the inflammatory condition related to the tumor (Cápua et al 2011). Thrombocytopenia occurs in 15 to 56% of dogs with lymphoma and is related to the immune-mediated destruction and ∕ or bone marrow involvement (Cardoso et al 2004b, Cápua et al 2011. Lymphopenia (30%) was a common finding in this study and was encountered more often than lymphocytosis (7%) and occurs due to sequestration of lymphocytes because of lymph stasis (Latimer & Prasse 2003).…”

Alterações ultrassonográficas abdominais, hematológicas e de perfil bioquímico em cães com linfoma

“…Contudo suas alterações são inespecíficas para o diagnóstico definitivo do linfoma (CARDOSO et al, 2004;APTEKMANN et al, 2005).…”