Like Parent, Like Child: Intergenerational Transmission of Partner Violence in Cebu, the Philippines

Abstract

Purpose This study investigates the prevalence of partner violence perpetration and receipt among a sample of young men and women in the Philippines, as well as the relationship between witnessing inter-parental violence during childhood and current violence in partnerships. Methods We used 1994, 2002, and 2005 data from 472 married or cohabiting young adults from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey in Cebu, Philippines. This is a longitudinal data set following over 2,000 Filipino women and their index children since the child’s birth in 1983–1984. Results Prevalence of partner violence perpetration was 55.8% for female and 25.1% for male respondents. Prevalence of victimization was 27.7% for females and 30.5% for males. Forty-five percent of females and 50% of males reported having witnessed their parents/caretakers physically hurt one another during childhood. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that witnessing inter-parental violence significantly predicted report of violent act victimization and reciprocal violent acts. Greater parental joint decision-making and being male were independently associated with a lower risk of report of both reciprocal violent acts and violent act victimization. Duration of marriage or cohabitation was associated with report of violent act victimization and reciprocal violent acts. There were gender interaction effects for several factors, including mother’s church attendance and household purchase of alcohol at age 11. Conclusions Implications for further research and violence prevention programs include early intervention with adolescents and focus on gender differences in violence determinants.

Linkages Between Gender Equity and Intimate Partner Violence Among Urban Brazilian Youth

“…This finding is consistent with the scant research that has examined both IPV victimization and perpetration by women in low-income countries [3,25,[27][28][29][30][31] and may partially be because of overall underreporting of male IPV perpetration. Males may be more likely to underreport violence perpetration in surveys because of the unacceptability of the behavior, and underreport victimization because of embarrassment or not conceptualizing acts as violent.…”

“…Scaling up these programs to reach youth in schools may be worthwhile in Brazil and globally. Future research in this area will inform interventions to address the complex interplay of factors that underlies 31.0 (13) Victim filed complaint with police 12.5 (8) .0 (0) Victim left partner 9.4 (6) 4.8 (2) Victim talked with perpetrator 6.4 (4) .0 (0) Victim stayed in a shelter 3.1 (2) 2.4 (1) Victim responded emotionally (cried, shouted, was upset, angry, etc. )…”

“…Notably, both men and women report IPV perpetration and victimization [8,[25][26][27]. In numerous population-based studies, primarily from high-income countries but also from Latin America, South Africa, and the Philippines, higher proportions of females report perpetrating IPV against their partners as compared with males, though studies rarely report the frequency, severity, or context of violence [3,25,[27][28][29][30][31]. Nevertheless, it is clear that when studying IPV among youth, males and females should be examined as both victims and perpetrators to better understand the context in which violence occurs.…”

A study on the Socio-demographic profile of the victims of sex offences attending the Department of Forensic Medicine of a Tertiary Care Institute of Kolkata, West Bengal

“…This observation of the present study was at par with these studies. Several studies have shown that women who were more highly educated (secondary schooling or higher) were 20-55% less likely to be victims of intimate partner violence or sexual violence compared to less-educated women (17,27,28). In the present study, most of the study population; 60.3 %, had never married.…”

Dyadic concordance and discordance in family violence: A powerful and practical approach to research and practice

“…Children who grew up in Both violent households were five times more likely to assault a partner than those from Male-only DCT households (Fehringer & Hindin, 2008).…”