Ligninolytic Microbes and Their Role in Effluent Management of Pulp and Paper Industry

Microbial communities in the Dead Sea and their potential biotechnological applications

“…They are extensively used in biofuel production by converting lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars for bioethanol, addressing the growing demand for sustainable energy sources. Additionally, cellulases have applications in the textile industry for fabric care, in the paper and pulp industry for improving paper quality, and in agriculture for enhancing soil quality [ 85 ]. Their role in the food industry includes clarifying fruit juices and extracting essential oils.…”

Agricultural Residues as Raw Materials for Pulp and Paper Production: Overview and Applications on Membrane Fabrication

“… Types of raw material and their processing stages in papermaking with estimates from the Indian market in 2018 [ 4 ]. …”

“…Agricultural residues and weed plant residues can cater to the growing demand for paper in the packaging sector, as well as hygiene and sanitation products, such as paper towels, toilet paper, and disposable makeup wipes, among others [ 2 , 3 ]. In India, for instance, agricultural residues account for approximately 28% of the total feedstock used in the pulp and paper industry [ 4 ], supplied mainly from bagasse, wheat and rice straws, and cotton stalks. Figure 1 describes, overall, the types of raw material and their processing stages in paper formation.…”

“…Agricultural residues, such as hemp and sugarcane bagasse, present higher concentrations of cellulose and lower levels of recalcitrant lignin when compared to the average woody biomass [ 9 ], and also present higher annual growth rates when compared to trees [ 11 ]. Nonetheless, on a global scale, forest woods still account for over 40% of the main raw material for producing paper, while agricultural residues account for less than 30% [ 4 ].…”