Light propagation in a free-standing lithium niobate photonic crystal waveguide

Geiß, Reinhard; Diziain, Séverine; Iliew, Rumen; Etrich, C.; Hartung, Holger; Janunts, Norik; Schrempel, Frank; Lederer, F.; Pertsch, Thomas; Kley, E.‐B.

doi:10.1063/1.3496040

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In order to investigate the applicability of using such sequential-irradiation method to both structure and exfoliate a LiNbO 3 thin film, as might be needed for a photonic application, features with dimensions similar to those used in sub-micrometer devices were made concomitantly with the formation of a thin self-supporting LiNbO 3 film such as used in photonic crystal structures [7]. Thus, after sequential He + -and Fe + -irradiation, the sample was immersed in 5% HF for 8-10 h until the completion of etching.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, it was found [5] that the etching rate in 5-MeV-Si-irradiated X-cut LiNbO 3 was $100 nm/min. This radiation-enabled selective etching thus has the potential for fabricating nano-or micro-structured photonic devices, such as ridge or one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystal waveguides [6][7][8]. This heavy-ion-enabled research demonstrates the potential of this etching method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Characterization of selective etching and patterning by sequential light- and heavy-ion irradiation of LiNbO3

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tThe induced selective etching properties of LiNbO 3 in a sample subjected to ion processing using sequential light-and heavy-ion irradiation are investigated and discussed. Through the use of TEM and SEM, the lattice structure at the amorphous-crystalline interface is examined after heavy ion exposure and it is found that single-energy amorphizing irradiation results in undercut etching at the interface, while multiple-energy irradiation yields sharper features. Such sequential-irradiation process based on both lightand heavy-ion irradiation enables ready fabrication of concomitant high-resolution patterning and exfoliation of structured freestanding thin films.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Characterization of selective etching and patterning by sequential light- and heavy-ion irradiation of LiNbO3

et al. 2015

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“…Accurate extraction of the multiple overlaid beat periodicities requires a Fourier analysis of the NSOM intensity data. We applied a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to each single pixel column of data along the waveguide and then averaged the resulting FFTs across the waveguide [31]. These results are shown in Figure 5B.…”

Section: -D Nsom Scans and Beating Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

3-D near-field imaging of guided modes in nanophotonic waveguides

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Highly evanescent waveguides with a subwavelength core thickness present a promising lab-on-chip solution for generating nanovolume trapping sites using overlapping evanescent fields. In this work, we experimentally studied Si 3 N 4 waveguides whose sub-wavelength cross-sections and high aspect ratios support fundamental and higher order modes at a single excitation wavelength. Due to differing modal effective indices, these co-propagating modes interfere and generate beating patterns with significant evanescent field intensity. Using near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM), we map the structure of these beating modes in three dimensions. Our results demonstrate the potential of NSOM to optimize waveguide design for complex field trapping devices. By reducing the in-plane width, the population of competing modes decreases, resulting in a simplified spectrum of beating modes, such that waveguides with a width of 650 nm support three modes with two observed beats. Our results demonstrate the potential of NSOM to optimize waveguide design for complex field trapping devices.

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“…As a strong contender for "optical silicon", LiNbO 3 is now applied for optical waveguide, electrooptical modulation, holographic storage, optical parametric oscillators, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6] However, all the above applications act as passive components. Till now there is rare report of LiNbO 3 as an active component.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on p-type lithium niobate crystals

Pei

Kong

et al. 2011

AIP Advances

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Till now it is difficult to obtain a p-type lithium niobate crystal. Here the carrier types in various doped and oxidized LiNbO3 crystals have been investigated by holographic technique. The experimental results show tetravalent ions (Zr4+ and Hf4+) with doping concentrations just above optical damage resistant thresholds is helpful to increase the concentration of holes. And 3.0 mol% ZrO2 doped LiNbO3 can be used as a p-type crystal. The dominant carrier of iron doped LiNbO3 crystal can be changed to holes when treated by thermo-electric oxidization. Then the possible mechanism on how to obtain a p-type LiNbO3 was discussed

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Light propagation in a free-standing lithium niobate photonic crystal waveguide

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Characterization of selective etching and patterning by sequential light- and heavy-ion irradiation of LiNbO3

Characterization of selective etching and patterning by sequential light- and heavy-ion irradiation of LiNbO3

3-D near-field imaging of guided modes in nanophotonic waveguides

Investigation on p-type lithium niobate crystals

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