Light intensity influences the production and translocation of fatty acids by zooxanthellae in the jellyfish Cassiopea sp.

Mortillaro, Jean-Michel; Pitt, Kylie A.; Lee, Joe; Méziane, Tarik

doi:10.1016/j.jembe.2009.07.003

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Because this is the main fatty acid in coral eggs, the larval quantity and quality following a bleaching event is likely to be negatively impacted, as has been observed on the broadcast spawning soft coral Lobophytum compactum (Michalek-Wagner and Willis 2001). The high abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) (36.76 ± 1.22%) is probably due to the fact that symbiotic zooxanthellae in cnidarians contain a lot of PUFAs (Zhukova and Titlyanov 2003;Mortillaro et al 2009) and the symbionts transfer them to the host tissue (Harland et al 1993;Papina et al 2003Papina et al , 2007Pitt et al 2009), after which they are incorporated into their eggs. The EPA/DHA ratio (2.64) suggests that G. retiformis has a medium trophic level, similar to other marine invertebrates such as shrimps and crabs (Rosa et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic change in the lipid and fatty acid composition of scleractinian coral larvae

et al. 2012

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Some scleractinian coral larvae have an extraordinary capacity to delay metamorphosis, and this is reflected in the large geographic range of many species. Coral eggs typically contain a high proportion of wax esters, which have been hypothesized to provide a source of energy for long-distance dispersal. To better understand the role of lipids in the dispersal of broadcast spawning coral larvae, ontogenetic changes in the lipid and fatty acid composition of Goniastrea retiformis were measured from the eggs until larvae were 30 days old. Egg biomass was 78.8 ± 0.5% lipids, 86.3 ± 0.2% of which were wax esters, 9.3 ± 0.0% polar lipids, 4.1 ± 0.2% sterols, and 0.3 ± 0.1% triacylglycerols. The biomass of wax esters declined significantly through time, while polar lipids, sterols and triacylglycerols remained relatively constant, suggesting that wax esters are the prime source of energy for development. The most prevalent fatty acid in the eggs was palmitic acid, a marker of the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium, highlighting the importance of symbiosis in coral reproductive ecology. The proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids declined through time, suggesting that they are essential for larval development. Interestingly, triacylglycerols are only abundant in the propagules that contain Symbiodinium, suggesting important differences in the energetic of dispersal among species with vertical and horizontal transmission of symbionts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic change in the lipid and fatty acid composition of scleractinian coral larvae

et al. 2012

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“…702 A comparative study of fatty acid content of soft corals that either harbour symbionts or are symbiont-free suggests that 18:3nÀ6, 18:4nÀ3 and 16:2nÀ7 acids are markers of the presence of zooxanthellae. 704 was determined by comparison of experimental ECD spectra with time-dependent DFT calculated spectra. 704 was determined by comparison of experimental ECD spectra with time-dependent DFT calculated spectra.…”

Section: Cnidariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine natural products

et al. 2011

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“…Importantly, irradiance may influence the production and composition of the fatty acids (FAs) in microalgae (Renaud et al 1991;Mortillaro et al 2009). Hence, it may be possible to optimize growth and the preferred biochemical quality of microalgae by manipulating irradiance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of photosynthesis, growth, and biochemical composition of the microalga Rhodomonas salina—an established diet for live feed copepods in aquaculture

Douëtte

Rayner

et al. 2015

J Appl Phycol

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The cryptophyte Rhodomonas salina is widely used as feed for copepod cultures. However, culturing conditions to obtain high-quality algae have not yet been efficiently optimized. Therefore, we aimed to develop a cultivation protocol for R. salina to optimize its nutritional value and provide technical recommendations for later large-scale production in algal photobioreactors. We studied photosynthesis, growth, pigments, fatty acid (FA) and free amino acid (FAA) composition of R. salina cultured at different irradiances (10-300 μmol photons m −2 s −1 ) and nutrient availability (deficiency and excess). The optimal range of irradiance for photosynthesis and growth was 60-100 μmol photons m −2 s −1 . The content of chlorophylls a and c decreased with increasing irradiance while phycoerythrin peaked at irradiances of 40-100 μmol photons m −2 s −1 . The total FA content was maximal at optimal irradiances for growth, especially under nutrient deficiency. However, highly unsaturated fatty acids, desired components for copepods, were higher under nutrient excess. The total FAA content was highest at limiting irradiances (10-40 μmol photons m −2 s −1 ) but a better composition with a higher fraction of essential amino acids was obtained at saturated irradiances (60-140 μmol photons m −2 s −1 ). These results demonstrate that quality and quantity of FA and FAA of R. salina can be optimized by manipulating the irradiance and nutrient conditions. We suggest that R. salina should be cultivated in a range of irradiance 60-100 μmol photons m −2 s −1 and nutrient excess to obtain algae with high production and a balanced biochemical composition as feed for copepods.

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Light intensity influences the production and translocation of fatty acids by zooxanthellae in the jellyfish Cassiopea sp.

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Ontogenetic change in the lipid and fatty acid composition of scleractinian coral larvae

Ontogenetic change in the lipid and fatty acid composition of scleractinian coral larvae

Marine natural products

Optimization of photosynthesis, growth, and biochemical composition of the microalga Rhodomonas salina—an established diet for live feed copepods in aquaculture

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