Light-Induced Chloroplast Differentiation in Soybean Cells in Suspension Culture

Gillott, Marcelle A.; Erdö́s, G.; Buetow, D.E.

doi:10.1104/pp.96.3.962

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…1e,f), which is different from the report of enlarged nucleoli found in var2 white cells18. Overall, chloroplasts found in VMW are closer in appearance to those observed in photoautotrophic hairy root suspension cultures3132 which are capable of producing secondary metabolites33.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Accumulation of high OPDA level correlates with reduced ROS and elevated GSH benefiting white cell survival in variegated leaves

Sun

Hung

Qiu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Variegated ‘Marble Queen’ (Epipremnum aureum) plant has white (VMW) and green (VMG) sectors within the same leaf. The white sector cells containing undifferentiated chloroplasts are viable, but the underlying mechanism for their survival and whether these white cells would use any metabolites as signal molecules to communicate with the nucleus for maintaining their viability remain unclear. We analyzed and compared phytohormone levels with their precursors produced in chloroplasts between VMW and VMG, and further compared their transcriptomes to understand the consequences related to the observed elevated 12-oxo phytodienoic acid (OPDA), which was 9-fold higher in VMW than VMG. Transcriptomic study showed that a large group of OPDA-responsive genes (ORGs) were differentially expressed in VMW, including stress-related transcription factors and genes for reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, DNA replication and repair, and protein chaperones. Induced expression of these ORGs could be verified in OPDA-treated green plants. Reduced level of ROS and higher levels of glutathione in VMW were further confirmed. Our results suggest that elevated OPDA or its related compounds are recruited by white cells as a signaling molecule(s) to up-regulate stress and scavenging activity related genes that leads to reduced ROS levels and provides survival advantages to the white cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Accumulation of high OPDA level correlates with reduced ROS and elevated GSH benefiting white cell survival in variegated leaves

Sun

Hung

Qiu

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…Questions thus arise regarding the pathways of (x-amylase translocation in the cultured cells. Amyloplasts have been considered as nonphotosynthetic chloroplasts because both organelles originate from proplastids and appear to be interconvertible (Gillott et al, 1991). Translocation of proteins to chloroplasts and extracellular compartments via different pathways is generally accepted (Vemer and Schatz, 1988).…”

Section: A-amylases May Be Translocated Via Unidentified Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of α‐amylases, carbohydrate metabolism, and autophagy in cultured rice cells is coordinately regulated by sugar nutrient

et al. 1994

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SummaryA rice suspension cell culture system has been established to study how sugar depletion regulates (x-amylase expression, carbohydrate metabolism, and other physiological and cellular changes. It is shown here that a group of 44 kDa (x-amylases are constitutively expressed whether or not the cells are starved of sucrose. However, expression of a new group of (xamylases of 46 kDa is dramatically induced when cells are starved of sucrose~Cellular sugar and starch were rapidly consumed and metabolic activity was decreased in the starved cells. Extensive autophagy also occurred in the starved cells, which caused an increase in vacuolar volume and degradation of cytoplasmic constituents including amyloplaats. Immunocytochemical studies revealed that (xamylases are localized in starch granules within amyloplests, in cell walls, and in some of the vacuoles. The presence of putative signal sequences in the N-termini of nine rice (x-amylases suggests hitherto unidentified pathways for import of (xamylases into amyloplaats. The studies show that differential (x-amylase expression, carbohydrate metabolism, metabolic activity, and vacuolar autophagy are coordinately regulated by the sugar level in the medium. As the starved suspension cells exhibit some sugar-regulated characteristics of (x-amylase expression in germinating rice embryos as well as physiological changes similar to those in senescing cells, this system represents an ideal tool for studying cellular, biochemical, and molecular biological aspects of (x-amylase gene regulation, carbohydrate metabolism, senescence, and protein targeting in plants.

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“…During the 10 min 12CO2 chase period, the proportion of label in malate continued to rise somewhat while that in citrate declined slowly. Although we and others (Gillot et al 1991) have shown the presence of starch grains in the chloroplasts of SB-P cells, there is little or no starch metabolism occurring in SB-P cells (Martin et al 1984;Horn et al 1992). Labeled citrate is probably formed from a relatively small amount of labeled malate which enters the citric acid cycle and is converted to citrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Photoautotrophic growth of soybean cells in suspension culture III. Characterization of carbon fixation products under high and low CO2 levels

Horn

Widholm

1994

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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A photoautotrophic soybean suspension culture (SB-P) was used to study CO2 assimilation while exposed to elevated or ambient CO2 levels. These studies showed that under elevated CO2 (5% v/v) malate is the dominant fixation product, strongly suggesting that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) is the primary enzyme involved in carbon fixation in these cells under their normal growth conditions. Citrate and [aspartate + glutamate] were also significant fixation products during fifteen minutes of exposure to 14CO2. During the ten minute unlabeled CO2 chase however, 14C-malate continued to increase while citrate and [aspartate + glutamate] declined. Fixation of 14CO2 under ambient CO2 levels (0.037%) showed a very different product pattern as 3-phosphoglycerate was very high in the first one to two minutes followed by increases in [serine + glycine] and [aspartate + glutamate]. Hexose phosphates were also quite high initially but then declined relatively rapidly. Thus, the carbon fixation pattern at ambient CO2 levels resembles somewhat that seen in C3 leaf cells while that seen at elevated CO2 levels more closely resembles that of a C4 plant. The initial fixation product of C3 plants, 3-PGA, was never detectable under high CO2 conditions. These data suggest that an in vitro photoautotrophic system would be suitable for studying carbon fixation physiology during photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic growth.Abbreviations: SB-P-photoautotrophic soybean cells, PEPCase-phosphoenol-pyruvatecarboxylase, RuBPCase -ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, 3-PGA -3-phosphoglycerate

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Light-Induced Chloroplast Differentiation in Soybean Cells in Suspension Culture

Abstract: Suspension cultures of SB-P cells of soybean (Glycine max) provide a novel, reproducible, and readily manipulable greening system useful for inducing chloroplast differentiation. The cells are subcultured and grown heterotrophically (3% sucrose)

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Accumulation of high OPDA level correlates with reduced ROS and elevated GSH benefiting white cell survival in variegated leaves

Accumulation of high OPDA level correlates with reduced ROS and elevated GSH benefiting white cell survival in variegated leaves

Expression of α‐amylases, carbohydrate metabolism, and autophagy in cultured rice cells is coordinately regulated by sugar nutrient

Photoautotrophic growth of soybean cells in suspension culture III. Characterization of carbon fixation products under high and low CO2 levels

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