Lifetime prevalence and potential determinants of psychotic experiences in the general population of Qatar

Khaled, Salma M.; Wilkins, Stacy Schantz; Woodruff, Peter

doi:10.1017/s0033291719000977

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…The prevalence was 31% (95% CI [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] for mild depressive symptoms and 30% (95% CI 24-37) for moderate depressive symptoms. Eight students exhibited severe depressive symptoms and 32 had moderately severe depressive symptoms, representing a prevalence of 4.4% (95% CI 2-9) and 17.6% (95% CI 13-24) respectively.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Self-reported Symptoms Of Mental Health Disord...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Determinants of Mental Health Problems and Mental Health Stigma Among Medical Students of Different Nationalities in Qatar

Mahgoub¹,

Daher‐Nashif²,

Al-Shebly³

et al. 2022

AMEP

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Past studies have shown high prevalence of mental illness among medical students. This is often linked to the demands of the medical curriculum, and to mental health stigma that prevents students from seeking help. This study aimed to examine experiences of mental health problems among medical students of different nationalities in Qatar and to uncover sociodemographic factors related to their prevalence and associated stigma. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with medical students in their second through fifth years at the College of Medicine at Qatar University. The survey began with a consent form, and those agreed to take the survey were directed to the questionnaire. The survey comprised 64 items across three sections. The first section collected sociodemographic data. The second section screened depressive symptoms using the PHQ-9; anxiety symptoms using GAD-7; and psychological distress symptoms using Kessler-6. The third section included 27 questions adopted from Schwenk et al, which evaluate students' perceptions of stigma and their attitudes toward seeking help with their mental health. Results: One hundred and eighty-two students participated in the study. The prevalence of self-reported symptoms of severe depression, anxiety, and psychological distress was 4.4% (95% CI 2-9), 10.4% (95% CI 7-16), and 39.6% (95% CI 33-47), respectively; the prevalence of high stigma was 31.9% (95% CI 25-39). Parental education, repetition of an academic year, progress in medical studies, gender, and nationality had statistically significant correlations with mental health problems and stigma. Conclusion: In addition to the impact of the requirements of medical study, the high prevalence of reported mental illness among medical students is impacted by sociodemographic factors and the mental health stigma that constitutes a barrier to seeking help. Preventive wellbeing programs should be an essential component of medical curricula.

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Section: Prevalence Of Self-reported Symptoms Of Mental Health Disord...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Determinants of Mental Health Problems and Mental Health Stigma Among Medical Students of Different Nationalities in Qatar

Mahgoub¹,

Daher‐Nashif²,

Al-Shebly³

et al. 2022

AMEP

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“…Angesichts der in den Modellen beschriebene inhaltlichen Nähe zu psychotischen Symptomen verwundert es nicht, dass in einzelnen Arbeiten magisches Denken auch als „psychosis-like experiences“ 26 und sogar als „psychotic experiences“ 34 verstanden wird: Bei nahezu 28% von insgesamt 1353 Teilnehmer aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung ohne psychiatrische Vorerkrankung Katars konnten „Psychose- Erfahrungen“ aufgezeigt werden. Dabei wurde auch magisches Denken und paranormale Überzeugungen erfasst.…”

Section: Paranormales Erleben Bei Gesunden Erwachsenenunclassified

“…Als Begründung wird die allgemeine Definition von magischem Denken angeführt, welche den Aspekt von dysfunktionaler Argumentation beinhaltet, die schwierig von der eher "funktionalen persönlichen, moralisch geprägten Einstellung und Meinung des Betroffenen zu differenzieren" sei. Angesichts der in den Modellen beschriebene inhaltlichen Nähe zu psychotischen Symptomen verwundert es nicht, dass in einzelnen Arbeiten magisches Denken auch als "psychosis-like experiences" [26] und sogar als "psychotic experiences" [34] verstanden wird: Bei nahezu 28 % von insgesamt 1353 Teilnehmer aus der Allgemeinbevölkerung ohne psychiatrische Vorerkrankung Katars konnten "Psychose-Erfahrungen" aufgezeigt werden. Dabei wurde auch magisches Denken und paranormale Überzeugungen erfasst.…”

Section: Paranormales Erleben Bei Gesunden Erwachsenenunclassified

“…Dabei wurden "Hellsehen" bzw. "die Zukunft voraussagen zu können", "Gedankenlesen", Kommunizieren mit anderen via Telepathie oder "über den sechsten Sinn verfügen" als magisches Denken eingeordnet [34]. Dies ist sicherlich eine Herausforderung für die gegenwärtige Psychopathologie in Form des AMDP-Systems und für die auf dieser basierten Klassifikation psychiatrischer Erkrankungen z.…”

Section: Paranormales Erleben Bei Gesunden Erwachsenenunclassified

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Paranormales Erleben und psychische Störungen

Mavrogiorgou

Juckel

2022

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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ZusammenfassungParanormales Erleben wie Aberglaube, Wahrnehmung von Übersinnlichem und magisches Denken begleiten die Menschheitsgeschichte bis heute in die sog. moderne Welt hinein und spielen auch entwicklungspsychologisch eine große Rolle. Dabei ist dieser Bereich in seiner Begrifflichkeit, in seiner phänomenologischen Bandbreite, aber auch in seinem Realitätsbezug in Literatur und Alltagspraxis unklar geblieben. Es wird hier der Versuch unternommen, den Stellenwert paranormalen Erlebens auf einer theoretischen Ebene im Sinne einer „unsicheren Realitätserkenntnis“ zu klären, aber auch seine Bedeutung für Diagnostik und Therapie von psychiatrischen Zustandsbildern im Rahmen von z. B. psychotischer, dissoziativer oder OCD-bezogener Symptomatik darzustellen.

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“…Being female, young age, unemployment, secondary educational level, low family income, use of alcohol and recreational drugs, stressful and traumatic events, higher level of urbanicity, and a family history of mental disorder increase the odds of PLEs (Linscott & van Os, 2013). More recent studies support these findings (Bourgin et al ., 2019; Khaled, Wilkins & Woodruff, 2019; Pignon, Schürhoff, et al, 2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping psychotic‐like experiences: Results from an online survey

Kusztrits

Larøi

Laloyaux

et al. 2020

Scandinavian J Psychology

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Suggestions have been made that psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), such as hallucinatory and delusional experiences, exist on a continuum from healthy individuals to patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. We used the screening questions of the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences (QPE), an interview that captures the presence and phenomenology of various psychotic experiences separately, to assess PLEs in Norway. Based on data from an online survey in a sample of more than 1,400 participants, we demonstrated that the QPE screening questions show satisfactory psychometric properties. Participants with mental disorders reported more frequent lifetime and current hallucinatory experiences than participants without mental disorders. Childhood experiences were rather low and ranged from 0.7% to 5.2%. We further replicated findings that young age, illegal drug use, lower level of education, and having parents with a mental disorder are associated with higher endorsement rates of PLEs. Finally, a binomial regression revealed that the mere presence of PLEs does not discriminate between individuals with and without a mental disorder. Taken together, the findings of the present study support existing models that both hallucinations and delusions exist on a structural and phenomenological continuum. Moreover, we demonstrated that the QPE screening questions can be used by themselves as a complementary tool to the full QPE interview.

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Lifetime prevalence and potential determinants of psychotic experiences in the general population of Qatar

Cited by 22 publications

References 61 publications

Prevalence and Determinants of Mental Health Problems and Mental Health Stigma Among Medical Students of Different Nationalities in Qatar

Prevalence and Determinants of Mental Health Problems and Mental Health Stigma Among Medical Students of Different Nationalities in Qatar

Paranormales Erleben und psychische Störungen

Mapping psychotic‐like experiences: Results from an online survey

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