Life Cycle Assessment of an On-Road Dynamic Charging Infrastructure

Marmiroli, Benedetta; Dotelli, Giovanni; Spessa, Ezio

doi:10.3390/app9153117

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Other LCAs for electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles have shown the relevance of taking the equipment or even the infrastructure into account (Nordelöf et al 2014;Marmiroli et al 2019). Although the impact of these components in terms of GWP might be low, their impact in other impact categories can be relevant, and therefore additional impact categories were highlighted in this study.…”

Section: Previous Approaches Of Life Cycle Assessment Of Alternative mentioning

confidence: 96%

Life Cycle Assessment of a Hydrogen and Fuel Cell RoPax Ferry Prototype

Trillos¹,

Wilken²,

Brand³

et al. 2020

Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management

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Estimates for the greenhouse gas emissions caused by maritime transportation account for approx. 870 million tonnes of CO2 tonnes in 2018, increasing the awareness of the public in general and requiring the development of alternative propulsion systems and fuels to reduce them. In this context, the project HySeas III is developing a hydrogen and fuel cell powered roll-on/roll off and passenger ferry intended for the crossing between Kirkwall and Shapinsay in the Orkney Islands in Scotland, a region which currently has an excess of wind and tidal power. In order to explore the environmental aspects of this alternative, a life cycle assessment from cradle to end-of-use using the ReCiPe 2016 method was conducted, contrasting the proposed prototype developed within the project against a conventional diesel ferry and a diesel hybrid ferry. The results show that the use of hydrogen derived from wind energy and fuel cells for ship propulsion allow the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions of up to 89% compared with a conventional diesel ferry. Additional benefits are lower stratospheric ozone depletion, ionizing radiation, ozone formation, particulate matter formation, terrestrial acidification and use of fossil resources. In turn, there is an increase in other impact categories when compared with diesel electric and diesel battery electric propulsion. Additionally, the analysis of endpoint categories shows less impact in terms of damage to human health, to the ecosystems and to resource availability for the hydrogen alternative compared to conventional power trains.

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Section: Previous Approaches Of Life Cycle Assessment Of Alternative mentioning

confidence: 96%

Life Cycle Assessment of a Hydrogen and Fuel Cell RoPax Ferry Prototype

Trillos¹,

Wilken²,

Brand³

et al. 2020

Sustainable Production, Life Cycle Engineering and Management

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In [2], the life cycle of an IPTEV is analyzed and the necessity is determined to consider an infrastructure life cycle in addition to the vehicle life cycle. This structure is adopted and adapted in detail to determine the materials required.…”

Section: System Boundaries Of Life Cycle Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To calculate the copper demand of the coils, the demand per lane is used first. According to [2], about 3550 kg/km per road direction is to be assumed. Over the average number of lanes of 2.29 in Germany [25], the copper demand per km results in 8139 kg.…”

Section: Traffic Performance Dependent Infrastructure Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The isolated evaluation of the expenditures for the implementation of an E|ROAD is addressed in current studies. In [2,3], the E|ROAD infrastructure is examined in detail with regard to its ecological influences using an extensive life cycle analysis. So far, comparisons to other alternative 2 of 20 powertrain technologies are mainly known with an economic focus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Life cycle of alternative powertrain technology including the consideration of infrastructure acc [2]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methodical Comparison of Alternative Powertrain Technologies for Long-Distance Mobility Using Germany as an Example

Weigelt

Mayr

Kühl

et al. 2019

WEVJ

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The main barriers to the wide acceptance of electric vehicles, such as the limited driving range or the high acquisition costs, are to be countered by various technology alternatives for the powertrain of the future. Promising developments include improved battery technologies, fuel cell technologies or a constant power supply of the vehicle while driving, for example through dynamic inductive charging. In this context, a holistic technology comparison would contribute to a comprehensive and understandable information situation by making the heterogeneous technological concepts comparable with regard to different evaluation criteria. Therefore, this work describes the basic assumptions of the proposed holistic comparison of alternative powertrain technologies for long-distance mobility. Relevant framework conditions are structured and a procedure for the evaluation of infrastructure expenditures is shown. Building on this, a selection of key performance indicators is defined and explained. The proposed KPI framework is applied to a passenger car in the economic area Germany. The results show that by using electrified roadways, ecological as well as economic advantages against other alternative powertrain designs can be derived.

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Life cycle assessment of MHP (Mobile Hydrogen Powersupply), an off-grid system to charge battery electric vehicles

Konrad

Bernt²,

Hofmann

2023

Int J Life Cycle Assess

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Purpose The paper introduces MHP (Mobile Hydrogen Powersupply), an off-grid fuel cell electric system to recharge (stranded) BEVs, and discusses MHP from the life cycle perspective. The LCA shows the effects of system architecture, charging efficiency, hydrogen supply routes, and the predicted electric vehicle recharging demand on global warming potential and energy consumption and further gives recommendations to optimize the assessed environmental impact. Methods Demand scenarios of mobile recharging assistances due to BEVs, stranded with an uncharged battery, are predicted for Austria and the greater Vienna area. The introduction of MHP follows the discussion of system architecture, operation strategy, and energetic charging efficiency. The LCA follows the guidance of the ISO 14040 standard and applies the Circular Footprint Formula. The functional unit is 1 kWh of electrical energy, balanced at the charging interface. The system boundary includes raw material extraction, production, transport of resources and products, use, and end of life management. The hydrogen supply is modeled representatively for Austria. The selected impact categories are global warming potential and cumulated energy demand. The data originate, among others, from GEMIS Austria, GREET2, and ProBas. Results and discussion Environmental impacts vary between 0.40 and 1.58 kg CO2eq/kWh-el and 4.95 to 7.68 kWh/kWh-el in the life cycle. In production and end of life processes, the hydrogen storage system leads to the highest weight-specific GWP and CED of MHP sub-systems due to the large share of CFRP. The efficiency of the MHP system is directly reflected in the use phase’s environmental impacts. The impact of MHP cooling efficiency, charging efficiency, and operation strategy on GWP and CED is below 12%. The CED primarily originates from hydrogen production. If the hydrogen supply route is mostly renewable and generates minor GWP, the MHP efficiency has only a small impact on the life cycle’s GWP and the production and end of life processes gain importance. Conclusions Optimized material selection and lightweight construction reduce the life cycle impact. Further, the paper demonstrates that hydrogen supply significantly affects MHP’s environmental impact. Therefore, besides optimizing the production and end of life processes, implementing a renewable hydrogen infrastructure and providing renewable energies and fuels must be strongly accelerated.

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Life Cycle Assessment of an On-Road Dynamic Charging Infrastructure

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Life Cycle Assessment of a Hydrogen and Fuel Cell RoPax Ferry Prototype

Life Cycle Assessment of a Hydrogen and Fuel Cell RoPax Ferry Prototype

Methodical Comparison of Alternative Powertrain Technologies for Long-Distance Mobility Using Germany as an Example

Life cycle assessment of MHP (Mobile Hydrogen Powersupply), an off-grid system to charge battery electric vehicles

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