Life-Cycle Assessment

Curran, M.A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.09700-1

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…The comparisons illustrated that Flax/PLA tape generated 2.12 Kg/CO2, and the total energy was estimated at 14.48 MJ/kg. This is compared with higher energy estimated at 116.43 MJ/kg and CO2 generate of 16.66 kgCO2 for production of a Glass/PP [46]. Therefore, the energy and emissions are considerably much less to produce the composite of Flax/PLA.…”

Section: Energy Consumption During the Production Of Triaxial Glass Fmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Also, according to the rules in global warming potential (GWP), the impact contribution of a product can be calculated by multiplying the number of emissions by the impact assessment factor [46]. The GWP has been developed to promote a comparison of the global warming impacts of different emission gases [34].…”

Section: Calculation Methods For Life Cycle Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Scale-up of Energy-Cycle Analysis on Processing Non-Woven Flax/PLA Tape and Triaxial Glass Fibre Fabric for Composites

Toffe

Ismail

Montalvão

et al. 2019

JMMP

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In the drive towards a sustainable bio-economy, a growing interest exists in the development of composite materials using renewable natural resources. This paper explores the life cycle assessment of processing of Flax fibre reinforced polylactic acid (PLA), with a comparison of glass fibre triaxial fabric in the production process. The use of hydrocarbon fossil resources and synthetic fibres, such as glass and carbon, have caused severe environmental impacts in their entire life cycles. Whereas, Flax/PLA is one of the cornerstones for the sustainable economic growth of natural fibre composites. In this study, the manufacturing processes for the production of Flax/PLA tape and triaxial glass fibre were evaluated through a gate-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA). The assessment was based on an input-output model to estimate energy demand and environmental impacts. The quality of the natural hybrid composite produced and cost-effectiveness of their LCA was dependent on their roving processing speeds and temperature applied to both the Flax/PLA tape and triaxial glass fabrics during processing. The optimum processing condition was found to be at a maximum of 4 m/min at a constant temperature of 170 °C. In contrast, the optimum for normal triaxial glass fibre production was at a slower speed of 1 m/min using a roving glass fibre laminating machine. The results showed that when the Flax and PLA were combined to produce new composite material in the form of a flax/PLA tape, energy consumption was 0.25 MJ/kg, which is lower than the 0.8 MJ/kg used for glass fibre fabric process. Flax/PLA tape and glass fibre fabric composites have a carbon footprint equivalent to 0.036 kg CO2 and 0.11 kg CO2, respectively, under the same manufacturing conditions. These are within the technical requirements in the composites industry. The manufacturing process adopted to transform Flax/PLA into a similar tape composite was considerably quicker than that of woven glass fibre fabric for composite tape. This work elucidated the relationship of the energy consumptions of the two materials processes by using a standard LCA analytical methodology. The outcomes supported an alternative option for replacement of some conventional composite materials for the automotive industry. Most importantly, the natural fibre composite production is shown to result in an economic benefit and reduced environmental impact.

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Section: Energy Consumption During the Production Of Triaxial Glass Fmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Calculation Methods For Life Cycle Energy Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scale-up of Energy-Cycle Analysis on Processing Non-Woven Flax/PLA Tape and Triaxial Glass Fibre Fabric for Composites

Toffe

Ismail

Montalvão

et al. 2019

JMMP

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“…51 Moreover, LCA facilitates its assessment throughout the entire Product Life Cycle (PLC), from raw materials acquisition through production 'cradle to gate', use, end-of-life recovery, 52,53 and disposal 'cradle to grave'. 54,55 Furthermore, Jayal et al 56 pointed out the need to consider a holistic approach in SM, addressing product, process and systems issues in an integrated framework. At the product level, Jawahir and Bradley 57 claimed that the initial 'Rs' approach supported by three principles, reduce, reuse and recycle, 58 must be extended to a broad vision of SM, considering three new activities that complemented the 6R strategy: reduce, reuse, recovery, redesign, remanufacture and recycle.…”

Section: Sm Approaches Over the Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…An accepted definition of LCA is as follows: '[Life cycle assessment is] an environmental accounting and management approach that considers all aspects of resource use and environmental releases associated with an industrial system from cradle to grave'. 54 LCA can be used to systematically compare the environmental impacts of different SM alternatives and to help identify benefits and trade-offs among options. 80 In this sense, to widen the scope of PLC indicators, the LCA concept has evolved into Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA), incorporating social and economic aspects in addition to environmental aspects when analysing the sustainability of PLCs (Kloepffer 2008).…”

Section: Main Definitions Observed In the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The sustainable manufacturing concept, evolution and opportunities within Industry 4.0: A literature review

Sartal

Rivera

Mejias

et al. 2020

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

147

114

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Today’s society is becoming aware that a new economic model of production and consumption must take into account its environmental and social impact. Industries are under increasing pressure from stakeholders to be transparent in reporting the environmental and social impacts of their operations. In this context, sustainable manufacturing must minimize negative environmental impacts and consumption of energy and natural resources, while also being socially responsible and economically viable. That is why the sustainable manufacturing concept is gaining increasing attention both in the research community and in organizations, especially in the industrial sector. However, even today, there is a great diversity of interpretations and ideas associated with this term. Accordingly, this article first presents an overview of the main concepts related to sustainable manufacturing, and metrics to evaluate organizations’ sustainability performance, and then an outlook of current trends. Our work highlights the consistencies and inconsistencies in the research community related to the interpretations of sustainable manufacturing and Industry 4.0, as well as the lack of consensus about the true social impact of Industry 4.0. However, the positive ecological and economic impacts of sustainable manufacturing seem fairly widespread. In this way, sustainable manufacturing practices seem to be reinforced by initiatives within the fourth stage of industrialization – the so-called Industry 4.0 – which offers great opportunities for sustainable manufacturing, thanks to digital transformation.

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“…O método LCA considera desde a extração de matéria-prima, produção, distribuição e disposição final de um produto. Seu objetivo é ser uma ferramenta de comparação entre alternativas envolvidas em todas as fases que um produto passa [10].…”

Section: Metodologiaunclassified

Influência De Variações De Modelo Estrutural E Vida Útil De Projeto Nos Impactos Ambientais Gerados Por Edifícios De Concreto Armado

Cassinelli¹,

Godoy²,

Garcez³

et al. 2020

≫Congresso Brasileiro De Patologia Das Construções

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Em tempos em que o uso consciente de materias é prioridade em muitas áreas da produção de bens e seviços, a engenharia civil está ainda aquém do seu potencial, visto que a atividade gera altos impactos ambientais, principalmente relacionados aos níveis de emissões de poluentes. Entretanto, por meio do uso de técnicas construtivas e estratégias de projeto, podese amenizar o impacto ambiental gerado pelas edificações. O uso de diferentes sistemas de lajes, por exemplo, pode reduzir o consumo de materiais em edifícios de concreto armado. Por outro lado, há também a possibilidade de aumentar a vida útil de projeto dos edifícios de concreto armado. Desta forma, este estudo propõe uma avaliação da influência de variações de modelo estrutural e vida útil de projeto nos impactos ambientais gerados por edifícios de concreto armado. Os impactos ambientais das diferentes estratégias de projeto estudadas são avaliados pelos resultados de uma Análise de Ciclo de Vida, considerando a produção e transporte dos materiais, a construção da estrutura, e, finalmente o desmonte e descarte, que corresponde ao final do ciclo de vida da estrutura. Os resultados encontrados contribuem para a consolidação de abordagens contemporâneas que sugerem a necessidade de incorporar o grau de impactos ambientais nos projetos estruturais de edifícios de concreto armado. Palavras-chave: emissão CO2, modelos estruturais, vida útil, ciclo de vida, concreto armado.

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Life-Cycle Assessment

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

A Scale-up of Energy-Cycle Analysis on Processing Non-Woven Flax/PLA Tape and Triaxial Glass Fibre Fabric for Composites

A Scale-up of Energy-Cycle Analysis on Processing Non-Woven Flax/PLA Tape and Triaxial Glass Fibre Fabric for Composites

The sustainable manufacturing concept, evolution and opportunities within Industry 4.0: A literature review

Influência De Variações De Modelo Estrutural E Vida Útil De Projeto Nos Impactos Ambientais Gerados Por Edifícios De Concreto Armado

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