Lichen Planus-like Eruptions Caused by a Color-Film Developer

Mandel, Edward H.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1960.03730040020004

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Similar to our study, other studies have reported that the forehead was the most common location showing an allergic reaction to PPD, followed by the eyes, ears, and then scalp; these direct contact areas also showed more severe presentation 9 17 21 29 . Allergy contact dermatitis from PPD derivatives also seems to be related to lichen planus or lichenoid eruptions 6 30 31 32 . In another study, Chey et al 6 reported that patients with hair dye ACD and combined chronic skin lesions such as lichen simplex chronicus showed chronic skin lesion improvement after discontinuing hair dye use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-Phenylenediamine Hair Dye Allergy and Its Clinical Characteristics

et al. 2018

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BackgroundP-phenylenediamine (PPD) has been identified as the most frequent contact sensitizer of hair dye and the clinical characteristics of hair dye contact allergy (HDCA) are diverse.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics of HDCA and to assess the relationships between HDCA, exposure time to PPD and PPD positivity.MethodsWe analyzed 105 patients with patch test-confirmed hair dye allergy who presented between July 2009 and March 2015. Clinical symptoms, signs, associated skin diseases, involved ACD area, and patterns of hair dye use were obtained by reviewing medical records and by interview.ResultsHDCA was more common in women and in individuals aged more than 50 years. Pruritus was the most common symptom; erythematous macules and patches were the most frequently observed clinical signs. The most common site of HDCA was the face and non-specific eczema and urticaria were frequently observed with HDCA. Exposure time to hair dye, represented as frequency and duration, showed a positive correlation with the area affected by hair dye allergy (p<0.001). Hair dye allergy was identified in most patients (80%) before diagnosis by patch test. However, only 28.6% of all patients stopped using hair dye, even after the diagnosis was confirmed.ConclusionThe extent of hair dye allergy involvement was related to exposure time to hair dye. For effective treatment of HDCA, it is important to properly educate patients with HDCA about the clinical manifestations of HDCA and to keep away from allergens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P-Phenylenediamine Hair Dye Allergy and Its Clinical Characteristics

et al. 2018

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“…Subsequently, further reports appeared on contact dermatitis from the various types of colour developer (2-4, 6, 7). Most reports came from Kodak colour developers viz., CD2 and CD3 (2)(3)(4), with a few reports from Agfa colour developer TSS (2,4) and Ilford MI 210 (2). There have been fewer reports on the more recently-developed colour developers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross sensitivity in colour developers

Goh

Kwok²,

Rajan

1984

Contact Dermatitis

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Colour developers are widely used and contact dermatitis and lichen planus-like eruptions from them are well-known. As a result of automation, there have been few recent reports of contact dermatitis from colour developers. We describe here 4 cases of dermatoses from Kodak CD4 colour developer and study their cross sensitivity to other colour developers and PPD. Attempts were made to determine the purity of the patch test allergens to ensure that cross sensitivity was not the result of contamination and decomposition of the allergens.

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“…1), though owing to their limited use, only relatively few people are exposed to these chemicals_ However, among staff at film processing laboratories, a high frequency of sensitized subjects has been registered. In an extensive study, Liden (2,3) has demonstrated the prevalence of sensitized subjects and their symptoms, and also how modernization of the laboratories is beneficial to staff working with these chemicals_ The occurrence both of eczema and lichenoid dermatitis has been described as a result of contact with p-phenylenediamine derivatives in colour film laboratories (2,(4)(5)(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant contact dermatitis due to textile dyes and to colour film developers can be explained by the formation of the same hapten

1997

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p-phenylenediamine derivatives are widely used in industry and in cosmetics, and several of them are well-known sensitizers. One group of allergenic p-phenylenediamine derivatives are used as colour film developers. Cross-reactivity between the colour film developers has been reported. In this paper, an occupational facial dermatitis due to colour film developers is described. The patient reacted to colour film developers (CD-1, CD-2, CD-3, and CD-4), but not to other p-phenylenediamine derivatives tested. He also showed allergic reactions to Disperse Blue 106 and Disperse Blue 124 and to Disperse Red 17, but not to Disperse Orange 3. The activation of the colour film developers by oxidation at physiological pH was analysed with chemical methods, and the mechanism responsible for the concomitant reactivities to the colour film developers and the disperse dyes at a molecular level is discussed.

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Lichen Planus-like Eruptions Caused by a Color-Film Developer

Cited by 30 publications

References 2 publications

P-Phenylenediamine Hair Dye Allergy and Its Clinical Characteristics

P-Phenylenediamine Hair Dye Allergy and Its Clinical Characteristics

Cross sensitivity in colour developers

Concomitant contact dermatitis due to textile dyes and to colour film developers can be explained by the formation of the same hapten

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