Lévy Flights in Dobe Ju/’hoansi Foraging Patterns

Brown, Clifford T.; Liebovitch, Larry S.; Glendon, Rachel

doi:10.1007/s10745-006-9083-4

Cited by 391 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is therefore to be expected that empirical evidence for these patterns will be relatively rare. There is at the present time burgeoning empirical support for Lévy movement patterns in a range of taxa, including insects (Reynolds and Frye, 2007;, dinoflagellates (Bartumeus et al, 2003), marine molluscs (de Jager et al, 2011;de Jager et al, 2014;Seuront et al, 2007), marine turtles, fish and seabirds (Humphries et al, 2013;Sims et al, 2008) and primates (Ramos-Fernandez et al, 2004) including humans (Brown et al, 2007;Gonzalez et al, 2008;Raichlen et al, 2014;Rhee et al, 2008). Perhaps it is expected that Lévy patterns would not be common in terrestrial animals as stable environmental structures (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal foraging strategies: Lévy walks balance searching and patch exploitation under a very broad range of conditions

Humphries

Sims

2014

Journal of Theoretical Biology

100

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Highlights Lévy walk foragers are optimal under a broader set of conditions than previously thought  The importance of prey-targeting has been largely overlooked  Lévy foragers outperform other strategies when prey is sparse and searching is required  Composite Brownian walk foragers outperform at some high levels of prey abundance, when searching is not required  Optimal Lévy foragers experience significantly fewer long periods of starvation Keywords: Simulation; Composite Brownian; Predator; Movement; Power-law Abstract While evidence for optimal random search patterns, known as Lévy walks, in empirical movement data is mounting for a growing list of taxa spanning motile cells to humans, there is still much debate concerning the theoretical generality of Lévy walk optimisation. Here, using a new and robust simulation environment, we investigate in the most detailed study to date (24 x 10 6 simulations) the foraging and search efficiencies of 2-D Lévy walks with a range of exponents, target resource distributions and several competing models. We find strong and comprehensive support for the predictions of the Lévy flight foraging hypothesis and in particular for the optimality of inverse square distributions of move step-lengths across a much broader range of resource densities and distributions than previously realised. Further support for the evolutionary advantage of Lévy walk movement patterns is provided by an investigation into the 'feast and famine' effect, with Lévy foragers in heterogeneous environments experiencing fewer long 'famines' than other types of searchers. Therefore overall, optimal Lévy foraging results in more predictable resources in unpredictable environments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal foraging strategies: Lévy walks balance searching and patch exploitation under a very broad range of conditions

Humphries

Sims

2014

Journal of Theoretical Biology

100

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“…This finding is in qualitative agreement with the early Paleoindian archaeological record, which suggests that Clovisage sites are found commonly in high-productivity areas, such as river basins as well as prime hunting areas (27). In addition, recent research shows that, indeed, ethnographic huntergatherers use landscapes in complex ways, which are reflected in nonlinearities in space use (42), residential mobility (43), and social network structure (44).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial gradients in Clovis-age radiocarbon dates across North America suggest rapid colonization from the north

Hamilton

Buchanan

2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

120

132

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A key issue in the debate over the initial colonization of North America is whether there are spatial gradients in the distribution of the Clovis-age occupations across the continent. Such gradients would help indicate the timing, speed, and direction of the colonization process. In their recent reanalysis of Clovis-age radiocarbon dates, Waters and Stafford [Waters MR, Stafford TW, Jr (2007) Science 315:1122-1126] report that they find no spatial patterning. Furthermore, they suggest that the brevity of the Clovis time period indicates that the Clovis culture represents the diffusion of a technology across a preexisting pre-Clovis population rather than a population expansion. In this article, we focus on two questions. First, we ask whether there is spatial patterning to the timing of Clovis-age occupations and, second, whether the observed speed of colonization is consistent with demic processes. With timedelayed wave-of-advance models, we use the radiocarbon record to test several alternative colonization hypotheses. We find clear spatial gradients in the distribution of these dates across North America, which indicate a rapid wave of advance originating from the north. We show that the high velocity of this wave can be accounted for by a combination of demographic processes, habitat preferences, and mobility biases across complex landscapes. Our results suggest that the Clovis-age archaeological record represents a rapid demic colonization event originating from the north.Early Paleoindian ͉ wave of advance ͉ landscape complexity ͉ hunter-gatherers ͉ Late Pleistocene

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“…These correlations further constrain the human trajectories, being partly responsible for the high degree of the predictability characterizing individual mobility patterns 39 . Finally, we note that the dynamical quenching and the recurrent behaviour is unique to human trajectories, and does not restrict banknote diffusion, or foraging behaviour 13,33,40 . As such, our model represents an improvement over the CTRW/LF models, as it is adapted to capture the specifics of human mobility.…”

Section: Anomaly Bmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modelling the scaling properties of human mobility

et al. 2010

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Uncovering the statistical patterns that characterize the trajectories humans follow during their daily activity is not only a major intellectual challenge, but also of importance for public health 1-5 , city planning 6-8 , traffic engineering 9, 10 and economic forecasting 11 . For example, quantifiable models of human mobility are indispensable for predicting the spread of biological pathogens 1-5 or mobile phone viruses 12 .In the past few years the availability of mobile phone records, GPS data, and other datasets capturing aspects of human mobility have given a new empirically driven momentum to the subject. While the available datasets significantly differ in their reach and resolution, the results appear to agree on a number of quantitative characteristics of human mobility. For example, both dollar bill tracking 13 and mobile phone data 14 indicate that the

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Lévy Flights in Dobe Ju/’hoansi Foraging Patterns

Cited by 391 publications

References 41 publications

Optimal foraging strategies: Lévy walks balance searching and patch exploitation under a very broad range of conditions

Optimal foraging strategies: Lévy walks balance searching and patch exploitation under a very broad range of conditions

Spatial gradients in Clovis-age radiocarbon dates across North America suggest rapid colonization from the north

Modelling the scaling properties of human mobility

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