Levels and Predictors of Food Insecurity among HIV Positive Adult Patients Taking Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2016

Mensa, Mende; Belijo, Zelalem Nigatu

doi:10.4172/2327-5146.1000300

“…Of those studies that found significant effects of gender on food insecurity, the strongest positive association was found in the study conducted in Ethiopia[14], with an odds ratio of 4.30 (95% CI: 2.13, 8.68) and the smallest association was found in the study conducted in the United States [20], OR = 1.50 (1.01, 2,.23) (Table 1). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the total 17 included studies, four were conducted in Ethiopia[14, 17, 21, 22], five studies in the United States [3, 15, 19, 20, 25], two in Canada[9, 10], two in India[18, 23], Russia[24], Senegal[11], Uganda[26] and Brazil[13] each had one study. Six studies were conducted in low-income countries[11, 14, 17, 21, 22, 26], four studies in middle-income countries[13, 18, 23, 24] and seven studies in high-income countries[3, 9, 10, 15, 19, 20, 25].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six studies were conducted in low-income countries[11, 14, 17, 21, 22, 26], four studies in middle-income countries[13, 18, 23, 24] and seven studies in high-income countries[3, 9, 10, 15, 19, 20, 25]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, some studies have found significantly positive effect of gender on food insecurity [13, 14, 17–20], while others failed to demonstrate the effect [3, 9–11, 15, 21–26]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected people receiving anti-retroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Boneya

¹

,

Ahmed

²

,

Yalew

³

2019

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BackgroundHIV-infected adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy have a high prevalence of food insecurity in both high- and low-income settings., Women bear an inequitable burden of food insecurity due to lack of control over resources and over household food allocation decision-making. The few studies conducted on the association between food insecurity and gender among HIV-infected adults have inconclusive findings. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the pooled effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy.MethodWe conducted an electronic, web-based search using PubMed, CINAHL, PopLine, MedNar, Embase, Cochrane library, the JBI Library, the Web of Science and Google Scholar. We included studies which reported the association between food insecurity and gender among HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy whose age was greater than 18 years. The analysis was conducted using STATA 14 software. A random effects model was used to estimate the pooled effect a 95% confidence interval(CI). Forest plots were used to visualize the presence of heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger’s and Begg’s tests were used to check for publication bias.ResultsA total of 776 studies were identified of which seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 5827 HIV infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy. We found that the gender of HIV-infected adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy had statistically significant effects on food insecurity. The pooled odds of developing food insecurity among female HIV infected adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy was 53% higher than male HIV infected adults (OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.83). Our analysis indicate the findings of studies conducted in the high-income countries showed weakest associations between gender and food insecurity than those conducted in low- and middle-income countries.ConclusionOur systematic review and meta-analysis showed statistically significant effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected adults receiving anti-retroviral therapy in which odds of food insecurity was higher among female HIV infected adults compared to male HIV-infected adults. These findings suggest that the need to include within food and nutrition interventions for HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral treatment, culture- and context-specific gender-based policies to address the sex/gender related vulnerability to food insecurity.

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“…The variation among different parts of the countries could be due to the existence of different socioeconomic status, the health intervention measurement taken, and difference in study years and study setting. In addition due to variation in tools used to measure food insecurity [10,[12][13][14][15][24][25][26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Insecurity among People Living with HIV/AIDS on ART Follower at Public Hospitals of Western Ethiopia

Oluma

¹

,

Abadiga

²

,

Mosisa

³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Food Science

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Background. Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS are intertwined in a vicious cycle through nutritional, mental health, and behavioral pathways. Food insecurity is a potentially important barrier to the success of antiretroviral treatment, increased hospitalizations, and higher morbidity among HIV-infected individuals in resource-poor settings particularly in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of food insecurity among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. Methods. An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted on a sample of 428 among people living with HIV/AIDS on follow up at public hospitals of western Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling technique was used to include all participants. Data was collected using interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and then exported into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences window version 21 for analysis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. Bivariable logistic and multivariable logistic analyses were used with AOR at CI 95% and p<0.05 were used. Result. The finding of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents 221(53.1%) were female. The mean age of the respondents was 32.92±7.304 years and 197 (47.4%) of the study participants were between 30 to 39 years’ age group. The level of food insecurity among PLWHA receiving ART therapy was 68.8% which was partitioned as mild (23.32%), moderate (29.09%), and severe (16.35%) food in secured. Being single [AOR=3.5071.377,8.934], illiterate [AOR=5.2341.747,15.686], cigarette smoking [AOR=3.5772.104,6.081], presence of anemia (AOR=2.6501.563,4.493], and inadequate dietary diversity [AOR=2.8701.088,7.569] were predictors of food insecurity. Conclusion. The prevalence of food insecurity was high. Educational status, marital status, cigarette smoking, presence of anemia, opportunistic infection, and inadequate dietary diversity were the major significant factors affecting food insecurity. We recommended a national health policy maker to integrate food and nutrition interventions as part of a package of care, treatment, and support services for people living with HIV and ART follower patients.

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Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Its Associated Factors among Adult People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hidru

¹

,

Gebremedhine

²

,

Gebretsadik

³

et al. 2021

International Journal of Food Science

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Background. Food insecurity is the shortage of both the quantity and quality of food and a negative impact on the overall nutritional and health status of people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Ethiopia is intensely affected by food insecurity which is about 87.4% of adult people living with human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) are still facing shortage to have access to safe, sufficient, and nutritious food for themselves and their family. However, there is no concrete scientific evidence established at the national level in Ethiopia. Hence, this review gave special emphasis on adult people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to estimate the pooled prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factor at the national level in Ethiopia. Methods. Studies were retrieved from selected electronic data bases, including PubMed/Medlin, Cochrane library, Sciences Direct, Google, and Google Scholar. Random-effects model meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of food insecurity and its associated factors at 95% confidence interval with odds ratio (OR) using statistical R -software version 3.6.1. Moreover, quality appraisal of the included studies, publication bias was checked using the funnel symmetry test, and heterogeneity was checked using forest plot and inverse variance square ( I 2 ). The searches were restricted to articles published in the English language only, and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH terms) was used to help expand the search in advanced PubMed search. Result. A total of 650 articles were identified through the initial search of which 20 studies were included in the final review yielding a total sample size of 7,797 adult people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The pooled prevalence of food insecurity was 52% (95% CI, 40%, 63%). Cluster of differentiation 4 CD 4 count < 350 cell / m m 3 [ AOR = 1.29 (95% CI, 1.08, 1.54)], develop opportunistic infection [ AOR = 4.09 (95% CI, 2.47, 6.78)], rural residence [ AOR = 1.59 (95% CI, 1.09, 2.34)], and World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stages III and IV [ AOR = 1.98 (95% CI, 1.23, 3.19)] was among the significantly associated factors. Conclusion. In this review, there was a high prevalence of food insecurity among adult people with human immunodeficiency virus. Therefore, the responsible stockholders should strengthen the system and procedure for early diagnosis of opportunistic infection, under nutrition, screening of underlying problems.

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Levels and Predictors of Food Insecurity among HIV Positive Adult Patients Taking Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2016

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

The effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected people receiving anti-retroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The effect of gender on food insecurity among HIV-infected people receiving anti-retroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Food Insecurity among People Living with HIV/AIDS on ART Follower at Public Hospitals of Western Ethiopia

Prevalence of Food Insecurity and Its Associated Factors among Adult People with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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