Leucine and protein metabolism in rats with chronic renal insufficiency

Holeček, Milan; Šprongl, Luděk; Tilšer, I; Tichý, M.

doi:10.1078/0940-2993-00171

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Decreased levels of the BCAAs have also been reported in patients with hemodialysis36 and with acute or chronic uremia373839. BCAAs are found in dietary proteins, and hence the decrease in urine and kidney BCAA levels observed in the present study might result from reduction of dietary BCAAs intake40.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Identification of key metabolic changes in renal interstitial fibrosis rats using metabonomics and pharmacology

Zhao

Dong

Liao

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Renal fibrosis is one of the important pathways involved in end-stage renal failure. Investigating the metabolic changes in the progression of disease may enhance the understanding of its pathogenesis and therapeutic information. In this study, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomics was firstly used to screen the metabolic changes in urine and kidney tissues of renal interstitial fibrotic rats induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after operation, respectively. The results revealed that reduced levels of bioenergy synthesis and branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), as well as elevated levels of indoxyl sulfate (IS) are involved in metabolic alterations of renal fibrosis rats. Next, by pharmacological treatment we found that reduction of IS levels could prevent the renal fibrotic symptoms. Therefore, we suggested that urinary IS may be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of renal fibrosis, and a therapeutic target for drugs. Novel attempt combining metabonomics and pharmacology was established that have ability to provide more systematic diagnostic and therapeutic information of diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Identification of key metabolic changes in renal interstitial fibrosis rats using metabonomics and pharmacology

Zhao

Dong

Liao

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…leucine, isoleucine, and valine-may be the most critical for stimulation of protein synthesis in older adults (Dillon et al, 2009; Henderson et al, 2009). Most notably, a number of studies suggest that leucine may be the most critical amino acid for stimulation of muscle protein synthesis (Anthony et al, 2002; Combaret et al, 2005; Holecek et al, 2001; Katsanos et al, 2006). Despite these data, further investigation is needed to determine optimal protein intake measures-both during meals and through supplementation-to combat sarcopenia.…”

Section: Behavior-mediated Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are elevated in uremic subjects, negatively affecting insulin and IGF1 signaling and promoting UPS activation (Zanetti et al, 2008). Similarly, metabolic acidosis, which is highly prevalent among CKD patients, can induce UPS upregulation and increased branch amino acid oxidation in skeletal muscle (Bailey et al, 1996; Holecek et al, 2001). …”

Section: Disease-mediated Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Models of accelerated sarcopenia: Critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy

Buford¹,

Anton²,

Judge³

et al. 2010

Ageing Research Reviews

251

190

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Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass, is a significant public health concern that continues to grow in relevance as the population ages. Certain conditions have the strong potential to coincide with sarcopenia to accelerate the progression of muscle atrophy in older adults. Among these conditions are co-morbid diseases common to older individuals such as cancer, kidney disease, diabetes, and peripheral artery disease. Furthermore, behaviors such as poor nutrition and physical inactivity are well-known to contribute to sarcopenia development. However, we argue that these behaviors are not inherent to the development of sarcopenia but rather accelerate its progression. In the present review, we discuss how these factors affect systemic and cellular mechanisms that contribute to skeletal muscle atrophy. In addition, we describe gaps in the literature concerning the role of these factors in accelerating sarcopenia progression. Elucidating biochemical pathways related to accelerated muscle atrophy may allow for improved discovery of therapeutic treatments related to sarcopenia.

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“…Chronic renal failure develops within 2 weeks, but mortality is much higher than in the 5 ⁄ 6 nephrectomy model (personal experience). The major difficulties of this model are its standardization and high variability in progression of renal failure (Holecek et al 2001).…”

Section: Models Of Muscle Wasting In Renal Failurementioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle wasting in animal models of severe illness

Holeček¹

2012

Int J Experimental Path

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Summary Muscle wasting is a serious complication of various clinical conditions that significantly worsens the prognosis of the illnesses. Clinically relevant models of muscle wasting are essential for understanding its pathogenesis and for selective preclinical testing of potential therapeutic agents. The data presented here indicate that muscle wasting has been well characterized in rat models of sepsis (endotoxaemia, and caecal ligation and puncture), in rat models of chronic renal failure (partial nephrectomy), in animal models of intensive care unit patients (corticosteroid treatment combined with peripheral denervation or with administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs) and in murine and rat models of cancer (tumour cell transplantation). There is a need to explore genetically engineered mouse models of cancer. The degree of protein degradation in skeletal muscle is not well characterized in animal models of liver cirrhosis, chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The major difficulties with all models are standardization and high variation in disease progression and a lack of reflection of clinical reality in some of the models. The translation of the information obtained by using these models to clinical practice may be problematic.

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Leucine and protein metabolism in rats with chronic renal insufficiency

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Identification of key metabolic changes in renal interstitial fibrosis rats using metabonomics and pharmacology

Identification of key metabolic changes in renal interstitial fibrosis rats using metabonomics and pharmacology

Models of accelerated sarcopenia: Critical pieces for solving the puzzle of age-related muscle atrophy

Muscle wasting in animal models of severe illness

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