Lessons learned from 14 years of CCS operations: Sleipner, In Salah and Snøhvit

Eiken, Ola; Ringrose, Philip; Hermanrud, Christian; Nazarian, Bamshad; Torp, Tore A.; Høier, Lars

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.541

Cited by 326 publications

(186 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…2) (15,18). Using the two surveys, the operator was able to identify time-lapse differences created by injection.…”

Section: Evidence Of Lower Caprock Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microseismic recording at the site is limited, however, and only comes from a single geophone string in a shallow well (KB-601). This recording was started in July 2009, well after injection operations had begun (8,15).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). The produced gas has a high CO 2 content, which must be reduced before exporting gas to the European markets (14,15). A surface separation facility is used to remove the CO 2 , after which it is reinjected through three wells into the down-dip water limbs of the anticline.…”

Section: Storage Reservoirmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project

White¹,

Chiaramonte²,

Ezzedine

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

145

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Almost 4 million metric tons of CO 2 were injected at the In Salah CO 2 storage site between 2004 and 2011. Storage integrity at the site is provided by a 950-m-thick caprock that sits above the injection interval. This caprock consists of a number of low-permeability units that work together to limit vertical fluid migration. These are grouped into main caprock units, providing the primary seal, and lower caprock units, providing an additional buffer and some secondary storage capacity. Monitoring observations at the site indirectly suggest that pressure, and probably CO 2 , have migrated upward into the lower portion of the caprock. Although there are no indications that the overall storage integrity has been compromised, these observations raise interesting questions about the geomechanical behavior of the system. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the measured pressure, seismic, and surface deformation behavior. These include fault leakage, flow through preexisting fractures, and the possibility that injection pressures induced hydraulic fractures. This work evaluates these hypotheses in light of the available data. We suggest that the simplest and most likely explanation for the observations is that a portion of the lower caprock was hydrofractured, although interaction with preexisting fractures may have played a significant role. There are no indications, however, that the overall storage complex has been compromised, and several independent data sets demonstrate that CO 2 is contained in the confinement zone.carbon sequestration | geomechanics

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“…2) (15,18). Using the two surveys, the operator was able to identify time-lapse differences created by injection.…”

Section: Evidence Of Lower Caprock Pressurizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project

White¹,

Chiaramonte²,

Ezzedine

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

145

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4. The time-lapse seismic difference amplitude maps at Sleipner is used to define the lateral extent of the CO 2 plume and to detect potential release into overlying units [8] Seismic monitoring of CO 2 in the subsurface was first demonstrated as a viable method at the Sleipner CO 2 injection site in the central North Sea [8]. Carbon dioxide injection began at Sleipner in 1996, and a time-lapse seismic program was initiated there in 1999.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing and describing processes in producing and abandoned oil- and gas reservoirs that may cause environment footprints and identifying technologies to impair these

Ursin¹

2016

drill

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“…To reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere, CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) has been suggested as a means of continuing to use fossil fuel resources while offsetting their negative environmental impacts (Eiken et al 2011). A positive CCS project should retain 99% of the injected supercritical CO2 (pressure is greater than 7.38 MPa and temperature is above 31.04°C and a density is of about 700 kg/m 3 ) over at least 100 years (Davidson et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 Sequestration Safety Monitoring by using Seismic Imaging and Double Difference Tomography

Sun

Westman

Fahrman

et al. 2017

IJGE

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Shale gas has become an increasingly important clean energy, which has been explored worldwide in recent decades. In the shale gas production, supercritical CO2 acts as a fracturing fluid. For preventing any kinds of leakage of the injected supercritical CO2, it is essential to monitor the stability of its storage hundreds of kilometres beneath the Earth's surface. Seismic tomography is an imaging technique that uses induced seismic waves to create three dimensional images of the subsurface. It is an effective monitoring method to evaluate the caprock integrity in the CO2 sequestration storage (CCS). In this experimental research, a simulated uniaxial compressive load was applied on a granite sample to analyze the stress redistribution for long-term in-situ caprock integrity during CO2 injection. The induced seismic waves were recorded, and seismic events were located according to the Geiger algorithm. The frequency of seismic events correlates with the caprock failure evolution. Based on the frequency of seismic events and the failure process, the seismic data is divided into four regimes to examine the failure evolution. Finally, the double difference tomography (TomoDD) algorithm using arrival time was adopted to recalculate to modify the locations of seismic events and velocity structure in each regime. The results indicate that the passive seismic system can map the caprock stress distribution and allow for imaging of the caprock integrity. TomoDD exhibits sound improvements to relocate seismic events both in relative and absolute locations as well as to characterize the local velocity structure. The study further reveals that seismic monitoring along with TomoDD could evaluate the caprock failure accurately in the CCS.

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Lessons learned from 14 years of CCS operations: Sleipner, In Salah and Snøhvit

Cited by 326 publications

References 18 publications

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project

Recognizing and describing processes in producing and abandoned oil- and gas reservoirs that may cause environment footprints and identifying technologies to impair these

CO2 Sequestration Safety Monitoring by using Seismic Imaging and Double Difference Tomography

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Lessons learned from 14 years of CCS operations: Sleipner, In Salah and Snøhvit

Cited by 326 publications

References 18 publications

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO 2 storage project

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO 2 storage project

Recognizing and describing processes in producing and abandoned oil- and gas reservoirs that may cause environment footprints and identifying technologies to impair these

CO2 Sequestration Safety Monitoring by using Seismic Imaging and Double Difference Tomography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project

Geomechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock system at the In Salah CO ₂ storage project