Length-weight growth analysis up to 12 months of age in three groups according to the dietary pattern followed from pregnant mothers and children during the first year of life

Ferrara, Pietro; Sandullo, Federica; Vecchio, Martina; Ruscio, Federica Di; Franceschini, Giulia; Peronti, Benedetta; Blasi, Valeria; Nonni, Gaia; Bietolini, Sabina

doi:10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06262-5

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Height after 12 months, weight 6 and 12 months (Ferrara et al 2021), fat mass index, suprailiac skinfold, triceps skinfold, tight girth, as well as hip girth (Desmond et al 2021) were lower among vegans compared to omnivores.…”

Section: Single Study Findings Concerning Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Birth height, height after 6 months (Ferrara et al 2021), weight for height, weight for age (Weder et al 2022), lean mass index, biceps skinfold thickness, subscapular skinfold thickness, waist girth (Desmond et al 2021), head circumference at birth, after 6 months, after 12 months (Ferrara et al 2021) showed no difference between vegans and omnivores. and whether participants were supplementing or not wherever the granularity of reported results allowed for this.…”

Section: Single Study Findings Concerning Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Health aspects of vegan diets among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses

Koller

Rohrmann

Wakolbinger

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Health effects of vegan diets among children are a controversial public health topic. Thus, we evaluated a broad range of health outcomes among vegan children and adolescents aged 0 to 18 years by a systematic review and meta-analyses. 17 studies met the inclusion criteria (16 cross-sectional studies, one randomized trial). Meta-analyzes showed lower intakes of protein (%E MD[95%CI]: -3.54 [-5.08, -2.00]) and higher intakes of fiber (g/1000kcal MD[95%CI]: 8.01 [6.96, 9.06]) in vegans compared to omnivores. Non-meta-analyzable studies showed lower calorie, vitamin B12 (when not using supplements) and selenium intakes, as well as lower blood levels of ferritin and vitamin B12. By contrast, vegans had significantly higher intakes of folate, vitamin C and iron. Levels of several cardiometabolic biomarkers (cholesterol, LDL) and indicators of bone health (vitamin D and calcium intake, vitamin D blood levels, bone mineral density) were lower in vegans. Risk of Bias was rated as high or very high in seven out of 17 primary studies. The Certainty of the Evidence was low or very low in all meta-analyses. Vegan children and adolescents following a vegan diet may have a beneficial cardiovascular risk profile but may be at risk for impaired bone health.

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Section: Single Study Findings Concerning Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Single Study Findings Concerning Anthropometric Parametersmentioning

confidence: 83%

Health aspects of vegan diets among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses

Koller

Rohrmann

Wakolbinger

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most studies assessed vegetarians only; however, six assessed vegans [ 16 , 17 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. The sample size ranged from 6 (vegan) [ 59 ] to 248 (vegetarian) children [ 63 ].…”

Section: Associations Of Plant-based Diets With Child Health Outcomes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the VeChi DietStudy [ 58 ], more vegetarian (3.6%) than omnivore (0%) toddlers were classified as stunted or wasted. An Italian study [ 60 ] showed that, compared to omnivores, vegans had lower weight values expressed in grams and percentiles at birth and at 6 and 12 months, along with shorter body length expressed in growth percentiles at 12 months and lower BMI at 6 months. In a German study [ 17 ], although no statistical difference in average HT, WT, or mean BMI z -score was observed between vegan and omnivore children, there was a tendency for vegan children to have lower values (BMI z -score: −0.6 ± 0.9 vs. −0.3 ± 1.0, p = 0.15; height: 152 ± 19 vs. 156 ± 20 cm, p = 0.49).…”

Section: Associations Of Plant-based Diets With Child Health Outcomes...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Diets in Children: Secular Trends, Health Outcomes, and a Roadmap for Urgent Practice Recommendations and Research—A Systematic Review

Desmond,

Fewtrell,

Wells

2024

Nutrients

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People are increasingly encouraged to reduce animal food consumption and shift towards plant-based diets; however, the implications for children’s health are unclear. In this narrative review of research in high-income settings, we summarize evidence on the increasing consumption of plant-based diets in children and update an earlier systematic review regarding their associations with children’s health outcomes. The evidence indicates that vegan, but not vegetarian, diets can restrict growth relative to omnivorous children and increase the risk of being stunted and underweight, although the percentage affected is relatively small. Bone mineral content is reduced in vegetarian and, in particular, vegan children, compared to omnivores. Both vegetarian and vegan children who do not use vitamin B12 supplements manifest with B12 deficiency; however, supplementation rectifies this problem. Both vegetarians and vegans have lower concentrations of 25(OH)D if unsupplemented, and lower body iron stores, but usually have normal iron metabolism markers. Both groups are at risk of iodine deficiency, and this might affect thyroid health. Children consuming a vegan diet have a more favorable lipid profile than omnivorous children; however, the results for a vegetarian diet are inconsistent and vary by outcome. Based on the same scientific evidence, national and international dietary recommendations are heterogeneous, with some countries supporting plant-based diets among infants, children, and adolescents, and others discouraging them. We offer a research roadmap, highlighting what is needed to provide adequate evidence to harmonize dietary recommendations for plant-based diets in children. A number of measures should urgently be introduced at international and national levels to improve the safety of their use in children.

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Length-weight growth analysis up to 12 months of age in three groups according to the dietary pattern followed from pregnant mothers and children during the first year of life

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Health aspects of vegan diets among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses

Health aspects of vegan diets among children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analyses

Plant-Based Diets in Children: Secular Trends, Health Outcomes, and a Roadmap for Urgent Practice Recommendations and Research—A Systematic Review

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