Leak indicators for modified-atmosphere packages

Smolander, Maria; Hurme, Eero; Ahvenainen, Raija

doi:10.1016/s0924-2244(97)01017-0

Cited by 91 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…MB + is helpful in the prediction of the depth of thermal injuries [6] and has been used for many years in the treatment of methemoglobinemia treatment [7]. Finally, MB + in its reduced, leuco-form is a convenient optical oxygen sensor [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the methylene blue oxidation by cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid solutions

Katafias

Kita

Wrzeszcz

et al. 2006

Transition Met Chem

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The oxidation of methylene blue (MB + ) by cerium(IV) was studied in 0.1-5 M H 2 SO 4 . The reaction proceeds via MB radical (MB 2+• ) formed by one electron transfer to the oxidant. The radical is observed spectrophotometrically by a very intense absorbance at k max = 526 nm and by the e.p.r signal at g = 2.000. The kinetics of the fast radical formation are two orders of magnitude slower than its decomposition, which were examined using a stopped-flow method at 298 K under pseudo-first order conditions. The rate laws for the both steps were determined and a likely mechanism reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of the methylene blue oxidation by cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid solutions

Katafias

Kita

Wrzeszcz

et al. 2006

Transition Met Chem

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“…visual or optochemical) to a package holds promise as a means of ensuring package integrity through the distribution chain. A number of studies on package integrity in MAP meat products (Eilamo et al, 1995;Randell et al, 1995;Ahvenainen et al, 1997;Smolander et al, 1997) have established critical leak sizes and associated quality deterioration. Standard (destructive) manual methods for package integrity and leak testing are both laborious and can test only limited numbers of packs (Hurme, 2003).…”

Section: Integrity Indicatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart Packaging of Meat and Poultry Products

Hogan¹,

Kerry²

2008

Smart Packaging Technologies for Fast Moving Consumer Goods

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“…The measurement of CO2 in the food industry is important for the monitoring of i) the atmosphere during food packaging, where the CO2 decrease indicates a leak in the package (11), ii) the ventilation control in potato storage facilities (12) or iii) stored grains in farm granaries to detect any spoilage (13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon dioxide measurements using long period grating optical fibre sensor coated with metal organic framework HKUST-1

Hromádka

Tokay

Correia

et al. 2018

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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An optical fibre long period grating (LPG) based carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor coated with HKUST-1, a material from the metal organic framework family, functional coating is presented. In-situ crystallization and layer by layer (LbL) techniques of HKUST-1 thin film synthesis are compared in terms of the feasibility of the deposition procedure (time and cost efficiency) and the sensitivity of the film to carbon dioxide. The sensing mechanism is based on the measurement of the change of the refractive index (RI) of the coating that is induced by the penetration of CO2 molecules into the HKUST-1 pores. The HKUST-1 film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thickness and refractive index (RI) of the 10, 20 and 40 layers thick films were determined using ellipsoetry. The crystallinity of the films was examined by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD). While no response to CO2 was observed for the sensor coated using the in-situ crystallization technique, an LPG modified with 10, 20 and 40 layers of HKUST-1 films using LbL method upon exposure to CO2 in the range of 500 ppm to 40,000 ppm showed good sensitivity. The film containing 40 layers exhibited the highest sensitivity to CO2 with an obtained detection limit of 401 ppm.

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Leak indicators for modified-atmosphere packages

Cited by 91 publications

References 5 publications

Kinetics of the methylene blue oxidation by cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid solutions

Kinetics of the methylene blue oxidation by cerium(IV) in sulphuric acid solutions

Smart Packaging of Meat and Poultry Products

Carbon dioxide measurements using long period grating optical fibre sensor coated with metal organic framework HKUST-1

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