Leaf herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry as indicators of mangrove stress

Maldonado-López, Yurixhi; Vaca-Sánchez, Marcela Sofía; Canché-Delgado, Armando; García-Jain, Silvia Ecaterina; González‐Rodríguez, Antonio; Cornelissen, Tatiana; Cuevas‐Reyes, Pablo

doi:10.1007/s11273-019-09678-z

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…B. frutescens grew more slowly and produced smaller and generally less symmetrical leaves as well as smaller galls in salted plots, especially when compared to fertilised plots, which suggests that the former were stressed. For instance, fluctuating leaf asymmetry (FA), variation between size, shape, and so forth, of a bisymmetrical character has been found to increase under stress for other marsh plants (Lopez‐Maldonado et al, 2019), and a study by Santos et al (2017) found higher levels of foliar nitrogen in leaves with lower FA, although the effect on survival of the cecidomyiid, Schizomyia macrocapillata (Maia), which galls the leaves of the deciduous shrub Bauhinia brevipes (Fabaceae), was not significant. Halophytes such as B. frutescens express a variety of adaptations for surviving in increasingly saline conditions; for instance, they have been found to utilise N‐containing, organic solutes such as proline and glycine betaine as compatible osmotica (see Cavalieri & Huang, 1979; Moon & Stiling, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom‐up effects shift top‐down community structure of the parasitoid guild that attacks Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Borrichia frutescens (Asteraceae)

Orta,

Rossi

2023

Ecological Entomology

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Asphondylia borrichiae induces galls at the apical meristems of its host plant, Borrichia frutescens, and the larvae develop and pupate within the gall. During development, immature stages of the midge are attacked by four species of parasitic wasps; two of these parasitoids, Galeopsomyia haemon and Torymus umbilicatus, are the most common members of the guild, and both are hyperparasitic. In the current study, plots of B. frutescens were randomly assigned to control (unmanipulated), salted or fertilised in a long‐term press experiment. Although plots initially exhibited no differences in stem length, gall and flower densities, after 3 months, they began to exhibit significant differences, suggesting stress (salted plots) and vigour (fertilised plots). Galls produced on plants from fertilised plots were approximately 20% and 31% larger than those from control and salted plots, respectively. Larger gall diameter in fertilised plots resulted in a shift of the parasitoid community towards the largest parasitoid, T. umgbilicatus, whereas smaller galls produced in salted plots became biased towards the smallest, but gregarious, G. haemon; interestingly, this pattern held for T. umbilicatus across treatments, and the effect for G. haemon was not significant when all treatments were combined. This study suggests that abiotic factors that alter host plant characteristics, such as gall diameter, affect the composition of the parasitoid guild that attacks A. borrichiae, which has implications for the acquisition of enemy‐free space during host range expansion of the midge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom‐up effects shift top‐down community structure of the parasitoid guild that attacks Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Borrichia frutescens (Asteraceae)

Orta,

Rossi

2023

Ecological Entomology

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“…Contrasting with our initial hypothesis, T. zebrina exhibited maximum leaf asymmetry in the summer, suggesting that conditions are more stressful to this species in this season than in the winter. Leaf asymmetry can be influenced by multiple abiotic factors, such as level of pollution, altitude, soil moisture, and temperature (Beasley et al, 2013;Maldonado-López et al, 2019). For instance, a variety of studies have found close association between low soil moisture and high leaf asymmetry (Orians and Solbrig, 1977;Nagamitsu et al, 2004;Souza et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We believe that this pattern is associated with high leaf herbivory in the summer. Multiple studies have found positive association between leaf asymmetry and herbivory rate (Cornelissen and Stiling, 2005;Cuevas-Reyes et al, 2011;Beasley et al, 2013;Maldonado-López et al, 2019). Mari and Galassi (2010) demonstrated that herbivory pressure increased in the summer and decreased in the cold season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality and forest edge as drivers of Tradescantia zebrina Hort. ex Bosse invasion in the Atlantic Forest

2022

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As a result of biodiversity and ecosystem service losses associated with biological invasions, there has been growing interest in basic and applied research on invasive species aiming to improve management strategies. Tradescantia zebrina is a herbaceous species increasingly reported as invasive in the understory of disturbed forest ecosystems. In this study, we assess the effect of spatial and seasonal variation on biological attributes of this species in the Atlantic Forest. To this end, we measured attributes of T. zebrina associated with plant growth and stress in the four seasons at the forest edge and in the forest interior of invaded sites in the Iguaçu National Park, Southern Brazil. The invasive plant had higher growth at the forest edge than in the forest interior and lower leaf asymmetry and herbivory in the winter than in the summer. Our findings suggest that the forest edge environment favours the growth of T. zebrina. This invasive species is highly competitive in the understory of semi-deciduous seasonal forests all over the year. Our study contributes to the management of T. zebrina by showing that the summer is the best season for controlling this species.

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“…Geometric morphometrics offers great potential for such investigations. In regard to environmental factors, this approach could be applied to studies of leaf plasticity and fluctuating asymmetry (Klingenberg 2015) in mangrove species, recently investigated in relation to environmental stresses such as human disturbance and herbivory (Maldonado‐López et al 2019). In regard to genetics, the population structure revealed by the studies of Mori et al (2015a) provides a promising framework for comparing the shape of leaves or other morphological structures of the different groups revealed by DNA patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing the Brazilian mangrove species Avicennia germinans and A. schaueriana (Acanthaceae) by elliptic Fourier analysis of leaf shape

Nascimento

Mayo²,

Andrade

2021

Feddes Repertorium

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The diagnostic value of leaf shape for mangrove species Avicennia germinans and A. schaueriana was examined in four areas within the Rio Parnaíba delta, Maranhão, Brazil. Elliptic Fourier analysis of 627 leaves, followed by principal component analysis, provided shape and size data; the first seven principal component shape variables expressed 99.2% total variation. Discrimination between twelve combinations of species, location and disturbance levels was studied using k‐nearest‐neighbour classification. The species differed significantly in leaf shape but determination was reliable only in the tallest undisturbed forest (germinans narrowly elliptic or ovate, base acute, apex acute to acuminate; schaueriana broadly obovate, base attenuate, apex rounded). Symmetric variables (PC1 and PC3, 84.5% total variation) showed strongest differences. Predominant variation between species was in relative width and base shape (PC1), and within species in ovateness (PC3) between conserved and regenerating areas. Leaves were significantly smaller in A. schaueriana. Vernacular taxa siriba branca and siriba preta were inconsistent with taxonomic species but often significantly different in leaf shape. Avicennia germinans varied more under different geographical and ecological conditions. Shape‐size correlation needs further allometric study. Species delimitation needs morphometric study of a broader character range. Vernacular taxa recognition should be studied with ethnobiological techniques.

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Leaf herbivory and fluctuating asymmetry as indicators of mangrove stress

Cited by 14 publications

References 69 publications

Bottom‐up effects shift top‐down community structure of the parasitoid guild that attacks Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Borrichia frutescens (Asteraceae)

Bottom‐up effects shift top‐down community structure of the parasitoid guild that attacks Asphondylia borrichiae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Borrichia frutescens (Asteraceae)

Seasonality and forest edge as drivers of Tradescantia zebrina Hort. ex Bosse invasion in the Atlantic Forest

Distinguishing the Brazilian mangrove species Avicennia germinans and A. schaueriana (Acanthaceae) by elliptic Fourier analysis of leaf shape

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