Lead poisoning in children

Boeckx, Roger L.

doi:10.1021/ac00293a001

Cited by 128 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The toxicity of heavy metals has been known for many years, and the clinical symptoms of prolonged exposure to a heavy metal-contaminated environment are well defined 1,2 . Heavy metals enter waterways via effluent discharges from electroplating, metal finishing, explosive, pigments and paint producing, and metal/mechanics manufacturing industries in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytic removal of metals using a flow-through cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode

Bertazzoli¹,

Widner²,

Lanza³

et al. 1997

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estabelecer um processo eletrolítico para remover metais de efluentes aquosos usando um catodo tridimensional de carbono vítreo reticulado. Durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho foi estudado a influência do fluxo do eletrólito e da porosidade do eletrodo. A célula eletrolítica utilizou potenciais tais que a reação de redução ocorreu sob controle de transporte de massa. A célula demonstrou eficiência na remoção de chumbo, zinco e cobre, reduzindo a concentração desses metais de 50 mg.L -1 a 0,1 mg.L -1 em 20 min de recirculação da solução.The aim of the present study was to establish an electrolytic method for the removal of metals from wastewater using a three dimensional, reticulated vitreous carbon cathode. During the development of the experimental set up, particular attention was paid to the electrolyte flow rate and to the cathode porosity. The electrolytic cell employed potential values in such a way that the metals reduction reaction occurred under mass transport control. These potentials were determined by hydrodynamic voltammetry on a vitreous carbon rotating disc electrode. The cell proved to be efficient in removing copper, zinc and lead and it was able to reduce the levels of these metals from 50 mg/L to 0.1 mg/L.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrolytic removal of metals using a flow-through cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode

Bertazzoli¹,

Widner²,

Lanza³

et al. 1997

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…It hasn't any known physiological function [2] [3] [4]. Exposure to small amounts may cause deterioration of cognitive or motor functions in adults and irreversible neurological damage in children [5] from drinking water lead exposure (especially children under 6 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Lead in Water by Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (LSASV) at Unmodified Carbon Paste Electrode: Optimization of Operating Parameters

Mouhamed¹,

Kane²,

Rokhy³

et al. 2018

AJAC

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This study presents the elaboration of a simple and cheap electrode made by carbon paste introduced into a cavity of electrode body, and used for the lead traces determination in tap water. A potentiostatic pre-electrolysis at constant voltage enables the reduction of the lead (Pb 2+ ) and the accumulation of the metallic lead at and into the carbon paste; the reoxidation of the Pb (Linear sweep voltammetry) leads to the anodic striping peak. The effect of the main operating parameters on the shape of the peak and the magnitude of the current was examined and their optimal values were determined. Then calibration was achieved and the method was successfully applied (using all the optimized parameters) to the determination of lead in water, with a detection limit of 0.138 µg•L −1. Compared to other methods (ICP-AES for example), the proposed method offers a satisfactory detection limit of the Pb 2+ (0.138 µg•L −1

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“…As a result of accumulation of heavy metals in soil, groundwater and plants, toxic effects of these elements can become very harmful (Jagodin et al, 1991;Gupta and Gupta, 1998). Pb and Cd, for instance, belong to a group of very toxic metals that can disturb metabolic processes (Travis and Haddock, 1980;Boeckx, 1986). On the other hand, Cu and Mn are essential elements for plants and living organisms generally, but should their concentrations exceed the respective average concentrations in soil, plants would uptake high amounts of these metals through the root system and so become harmful (Clark et al, 1981;Savage et al, 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of heavy metals in NPK fertilizers imported in Serbia

Milinović

Lukic²,

Nikolic-Mandic

et al. 2008

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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Concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cu and Mn in sixteen NPK fertilizers imported and widely used in Serbia were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). The results show that contents of heavy metals varied significantly in different fertilizers depending on N:P:K ratio and fertilizer origin. Pb and Cd contents in water solution of fertilizers occurred at low ranges: 2.0-3.1 and 0.03-1.56 mg/kg, respectively. An NPK (15:15:15) fertilizer from Romania was found to contain the highest concentration of Pb and Cd as impurities. Cu content, ranging from 7.1 to 974.7 mg/kg, was the highest in colored fertilizers from Hungary, the Netherlands and Greece. Mn value in a Hungarian NPK product (10:10:20) exceeds the average Mn value in soil. The data indicate variable contents of heavy metals in fertilizers, some of which are significantly higher than natural concentrations in soil, which suggests that they need to be continuously monitored.

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Lead poisoning in children

Cited by 128 publications

References 12 publications

Electrolytic removal of metals using a flow-through cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode

Electrolytic removal of metals using a flow-through cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode

Determination of Lead in Water by Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (LSASV) at Unmodified Carbon Paste Electrode: Optimization of Operating Parameters

Concentrations of heavy metals in NPK fertilizers imported in Serbia

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