Lead Exposure and Hearing Effects in Children in Katowice, Poland

Osman, Katarina; Pawlas, Krystyna; Schütz, Andrejs; Gazdzik, Malgorzata; Sokal, J.A.; Vahter, Marie

doi:10.1006/enrs.1998.3886

Cited by 77 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…An increase in PbB from 6 to 18 μg/dL was associated with a 2-dB loss in hearing at all frequencies, and an additional 15% of the children had hearing thresholds that were below the standard at 2,000 Hz. Osman et al (1999) found a significant association between blood lead concentration (2-39 μg/dL) and hearing thresholds in a group of 155 children ages 4-14 years, after adjustment for covariates. The association remained significant when the analysis was confined to 107 children who had blood lead concentrations below 10 μg/dL.…”

Section: Other Neurological Effects In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The association remained significant when the analysis was confined to 107 children who had blood lead concentrations below 10 μg/dL. Osman et al (1999) also reported increased latency of wave I of the BAEP in children with PbB above 10 μg/dL compared to children with PbB below 4.6 μg/dL. Covariates included in the regression models were child gender age, Apgar score, absence of ear and nasopharynx pathologies; history of ear diseases, frequent colds, mumps, gentamycin use, or exposure to environmental noise; and maternal smoking during pregnancy.…”

Section: Other Neurological Effects In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Herring

Eagles‐Smith

Buck

2017

Journal of Raptor Research

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Section: Other Neurological Effects In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Other Neurological Effects In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 94%

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Herring

Eagles‐Smith

Buck

2017

Journal of Raptor Research

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“…Also, hearing impairments have been reported for lead-exposed children (Osman et al 1999;Otto 1987, 1991). Crofton and colleagues (Crofton et al 1999(Crofton et al , 2000Lasky et al 2002) demonstrated the ability of polychlorinated biphenyls to disrupt the development of the cochlea in rats by disrupting thyroid function.…”

Section: Ototoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Creatinine: Barr et al. Respond

Barr¹,

Caudill²,

Jones³

et al. 2005

Environ Health Perspect

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Urinary creatinine is almost universally employed to adjust concentrations of urinary analytes for variations in hydration status. In the February 2005 issue of EHP, Barr et al. used data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to establish reference ranges for urinary creatinine for specific age and demographic categories (Barr et al. 2005). They reported that the significant predictors of urinary creatinine concentrations include age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, and fat-free mass. Although these indicators have been known for many years, the unintentional adjustment for these covariates when urinary metabolites are expressed per gram creatinine can have profound effects on the interpretation of data. The fact that these effects are often underappreciated or even unnoticed renders this paper highly relevant to exposure assessment and well worth revisiting. In our studies of arsenic methylation and one-carbon metabolism, we have noted several additional complications when expressing urinary arsenic as micrograms per gram creatinine. Note that one-carbon metabolism refers to the folatedependent biochemical pathway responsible for methylation of DNA, arsenic, and hundreds of other substrates.Our study in Bangladesh on 1,650 adults revealed that urinary creatinine concentrations are significantly correlated with plasma folate concentrations-particularly among males, who had a higher prevalence of folate deficiency than females in Bangladesh (Gamble et al. 2005). Although this association had not been previously reported, it is not surprising considering that the formation of creatine from methylation of guanidinoacetate accounts for approximately 75% of all folate-dependent transmethylation reactions (Mudd and Poole 1975) and that creatine is the direct precursor of creatinine.In some analyses, adjusting urinary arsenic for creatinine obscured correlations between folate and arsenic metabolism. In other analyses, correlations between folate and arsenic/creatinine were due in part to the associations between folate and creatinine. Correct interpretation of the data would not be possible without considering the impact of the correlation between urinary creatinine and plasma folate. As did Barr et al. (2005), we decided to include urinary creatinine in the statistical models as a separate independent variable. However, because of the intimate link between creatine metabolism and one-carbon metabolism, inclusion of urinary creatinine in some models resulted in overcontrolling for the effects of folate and homocysteine, our variables of interest. Thus, expression of total urinary arsenic per gram creatinine runs the risk of confounding relationships between total urinary arsenic and arsenic metabolism. Adjusting for the specific gravity of urine was not useful because it is so highly correlated with urinary creatinine.In summary, we concur with Barr et al. (2005) that urinary creatinine should be included in multiple regression models as a separate independent variable; in...

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“…Pb is particularly toxic to children as their main organs such as the brain and the nervous system are still developing. For them, exposure to even relatively low concentrations can result in such conditions as hearing impairment and mental retardation, reduced intelligence quotient (IQ), learning disabilities and attention deficit disorders, and behavioral problems such as delinquency and drug/substance abuse (Froutan et al, 2011;WHO, 2010;Park et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2007;Norman et al, 2007;Pruss-Ustun et al, 2004;Needleman et al, 2002;Dietrich et al, 2001;Osman et al, 1999;Mendelsohn et al, 1998;Sciarillo et al, 1992;Schwartz, 1992). Chronic exposure to Pb may cause neurological damage and neurobehavioral disorders in the long run (Pabello and Bolivar, 2005;Patrick, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead contamination of traditional hand-dug wells in parts of Kwale County, Kenya

Chege¹,

Hashim²,

Merenga³

et al. 2013

Int. J. Phys. Sci.

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People's health, behavior and intellect to a certain extent are a function of their environment. One important component of this environment is water, a basic necessity that human beings cannot do without. The water available, however, is not always safe for human consumption due to contamination. Among the many water contaminants, lead (Pb) is one of the most dangerous due to its bioaccumulative nature and high toxicity. Children are most vulnerable to Pb toxicity as their main organs such as the brain and the nervous system are still developing. For them, exposure to even relatively low concentrations can result in reduced intelligence quotient (IQ), learning disabilities and attention deficit disorders, behavioral problems such as delinquency and drug abuse, and such conditions as impaired hearing and mental retardation. The main aim of the present study was to determine Pb concentration in water from hand-dug wells in Kwale County in the coastal region of Kenya. Kwale County hosts a number of schools for mentally disabled and hearing impaired persons, while the coastal region in general has among the lowest literacy levels in the country and the highest incidences of drug abuse. Thirty-seven water samples were randomly collected from selected villages and analyzed for Pb content using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). Also analyzed were the water pH and conductivity using portable digital meters. Pb concentration in the water samples ranged from below detection limit to 1.397 mg/L with a mean concentration of 0.330 mg/L. Over 62% of the samples had Pb levels above WHO recommended value of 0.01 mg/L. The pH ranged from 5.8 to 10.4 with a mean value of 9.2 while conductivity ranged from 85.3 to 6060 µs/cm with a mean value of 930.351 µs/cm.

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Lead Exposure and Hearing Effects in Children in Katowice, Poland

Cited by 77 publications

References 13 publications

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Urinary Creatinine: Barr et al. Respond

Lead contamination of traditional hand-dug wells in parts of Kwale County, Kenya

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