LC‐UV Assay Method and UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS Characterisation of Saponins from <i>Ilex Paraguariensis</i> A. St. Hil. (Mate) Unripe Fruits

Peixoto, Maria Paula Garofo; Kaiser, Samuel; Verza, Simone Gasparín; Resende, Pedro Ernesto de; Treter, Janine; Pavei, Cabral; Borré, Gustavo Luís; Ortega, George González

doi:10.1002/pca.1374

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The relatively high level of these enzymes secreted by the liver on the administration of both extracts calls for great caution in their indiscriminate administration. The increased ALT and AST obtained in this study was corroborated by [20].…”

Section: Alanine Aspartate Transferase (Ast)supporting

confidence: 82%

Antiplasmodial, Antipyretic, Haematological and Histological Effects of the Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera in Plasmodium berghei berghei Infected Mice

Olaniran

Adetuyi

Omoya

et al. 2019

JAMMR

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The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera leaf were evaluated for safety, antimalarial and antipyretic activities because it is commonly used for various types of ailments especially malaria and fever. The various concentration of these extracts (0-800mg/kg) were tested against Plasmodium berghei berghei infected albino mice of either sex, in a Peters’ four day antiplasmodial test while antipyretic activities were evaluated in malaria- induced mice. Their possible effects on haematological parameters of PCV, WBC, neutrophil, lymphocytes count and liver enzymes were also determined as well as on the liver and kidney architecture. All the tested doses of the aqueous extract were comparable in antiplasmodial activity (p>0.05) to each of the tested doses of the ethanolic extract which were significantly different (p<0.05) from the negative control. Only the highest doses of both extracts gave significantly higher (p<0.05) antiplasmodial activity than the standard drug. For the ethanolic extract, a significant antipyretic activity was not observed until at 800mg/kg in time T3 while the aqueous extract exerted no significant antipyretic activity at all doses and at all times. The ethanolic extract gave significantly higher PCV values than that of the aqueous. The administration of the aqueous extract gave significantly lower WBC than the ethanolic extract while comparable increase in lymphocyte count was noticeable at each of the doses of both extracts when compared to the negative control. Only 100mg/kg and 800mg/kg of the aqueous extract maintained a relatively high neutrophils count in this study. Also, the aqueous extract elicited higher concentration of ALT (greater than fourfold of normal) but the ethanolic extract produced the highest level of AST at the highest dose of 800mg/kg when compared to the ethanolic extract. Histological examination of the kidney showed progressive degeneration while that of the liver showed recovery when compared to negative control as a result of progressive increase in dosage of the extracts in malarial treatment. In conclusion, though both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. oleifera leaves exert chemosuppressive antiplasmodial activities in Plasmodium berghei berghei infected mice and exhibited antipyretic activity with some improved haematological parameters, caution should be taken in its indiscriminate use because of probable toxic effects on the kidney and the liver.

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Section: Alanine Aspartate Transferase (Ast)supporting

confidence: 82%

Antiplasmodial, Antipyretic, Haematological and Histological Effects of the Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera in Plasmodium berghei berghei Infected Mice

Olaniran

Adetuyi

Omoya

et al. 2019

JAMMR

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“…The mate saponin enriched fraction was obtained through solid‐phase extraction, a process commonly used for saponins purification. The process showed a good reproducibility 30. LC–MS chemical fingerprint showed that all peaks presented molecular weights compatible with saponins and confirmed the presence of the chemical marker of MSF, ilexoside II 30.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…The process showed a good reproducibility 30. LC–MS chemical fingerprint showed that all peaks presented molecular weights compatible with saponins and confirmed the presence of the chemical marker of MSF, ilexoside II 30. The zeta potential of the MSF solution was measured as −22.3 ± 1.4 mV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Wormlike Micellar Aggregates of Saponins from Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (mate): A Characterisation by Cryo-TEM, Rheology, Light Scattering and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering

Peixoto

Treter

Resende

et al. 2011

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Given the complexity of chemicals in herbal medicines, the pharmacokinetic profile of one major active ingredient will possibly be altered by coexisting components in the herbal extract [21,22]. Several methods for determining the presence of PDC in the genus Ilex and other herbal materials have used high-speed counter-current chromatography [23], high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) [24,25], HPLC coupled with evaporative light scattering detection [26,27], and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF-MS) [28]. However, analysis of PDC in vivo has yet to be reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LC-MS/MS Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Pedunculoside in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Pedunculoside and Ilex rotunda Extract

Zhao

Pang

et al. 2015

Molecules

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Ilex rotunda is widely used to treat many disorders as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) containing 4%-5% pedunculoside (PDC). A rapid, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method (LC-MS/MS) was developed and validated to determine PDC in rat plasma by using 3β,19α-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (DEOG) as an internal standard. The analytes were extracted by protein precipitation and eluted on a C18 chromatography column using a mobile phase of methanol-H2O (70:30, v/v) delivered at a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Detection was performed using positive ion electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring modes. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 0.60 ng/mL to 200 ng/mL, with a quantification limit of 0.60 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precisions (%RSD) ranged from 2.12 to 9.51 for PDC, whereas the accuracy was within -7.83%~9.40%. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of PDC in rat plasma after oral administration of pure PDC and Ilex rotunda extract (IRE). Pharmacokinetic parameters of PDC in IRE, such as Cmax, AUC0-t, AUC0-∞, t1/2z, and CLz/F, statistically differed from those of the pure monomer (p < 0.01). However, Tmax and MRT showed no significant differences between the two groups. Results suggested that other coexisting components in IRE may decrease the absorption of PDC. Compound-compound interactions between PDC and other herbal extract components can alter the pharmacokinetic behavior of PDC. The study will be helpful in providing references for understanding the action mechanism and clinical application of Ilex rotunda.

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LC‐UV Assay Method and UPLC/Q‐TOF‐MS Characterisation of Saponins from Ilex Paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (Mate) Unripe Fruits

Abstract: The validated LC-UV method was shown to be linear, precise, accurate and to cover several saponins previously isolated from Ilex species and could be applied for the quality control of unripe fruit saponins.

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Antiplasmodial, Antipyretic, Haematological and Histological Effects of the Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera in Plasmodium berghei berghei Infected Mice

Antiplasmodial, Antipyretic, Haematological and Histological Effects of the Leaf Extracts of Moringa oleifera in Plasmodium berghei berghei Infected Mice

Wormlike Micellar Aggregates of Saponins from Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil. (mate): A Characterisation by Cryo-TEM, Rheology, Light Scattering and Small-Angle Neutron Scattering

LC-MS/MS Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Pedunculoside in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration of Pedunculoside and Ilex rotunda Extract

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