ABSTRACT.The objective of this paper is to study structural properties of relatively free inverse semigroups in varieties of inverse semigroups. It is shown, for example, that if S is combinatorial (i.e., X is trivial), completely semisimple (i.e., every principal factor is a Brandt semigroup or, equivalently, S does not contain a copy of the bicyclic semigroup) or F-unitary (i.e., E(S) is the kernel of the minimum group congruence) then the relatively free inverse semigroup F"Vx on the set X in the variety "V generated by S is also combinatorial, completely semisimple or F-unitary, respectively.If 5 is a fundamental (i.e., the only congruence contained in M is the identitycongruence) and \X\ > No, then FVx ia a'so fundamental.FVx may not be fundamental if |^f| < No-It is also shown that for any variety of groups U and for |X| > No, there exists a variety of inverse semigroups "V which is minimal with respect to the properties (i) FVx ls fundamental and (ii) "V n Q = U, where Q is the variety of groups.In the main result of the paper it is shown that there exists a variety V for which FVx 's not completely semisimple, thereby refuting a long standing conjecture.
Summary.In general, the relatively free objects in any variety of algebras are important in the study of that variety and this has been true, in particular, in the study of inverse semigroups. The first good description of the free inverse semigroup on one generator was given by Gluskin [2], while the first good description of the free inverse semigroup on an arbitrary set was given by Scheiblich [12]. For a survey of these and related results, see Petrich [6] and Reilly [10].The structures of the free group, the free inverse semigroup and free semilattice of groups are well known. However, with the one exception of the work on the relatively free objects in varieties generated by £"-unitary inverse semigroups by Pastijn [4] and Petrich and Reilly [7], relatively little has been said regarding the structure of the relatively free objects in other varieties of inverse semigroups or with regard to other properties than ^-unitary.Since it would seem to be beyond the present state of knowledge to give explicit structure theorems for nontrivial relatively free inverse semigroups other than those considered by Gluskin and Scheiblich, we continue the investigation of the structure of relatively free inverse semigroups in the spirit of Pastijn [4] and Petrich and Reilly [7]- §2 is devoted to background information. In §3, it is shown that certain structural properties of an inverse semigroup S will be inherited by the relatively free objects F"Vx, in the variety ~V generated by X. If 5 is combinatorial or completely