Latest developments in microactivity testing: influence of operational parameters on the performance of FCC catalysts

Wallenstein, D.; Haas, A.; Harding, Robert H.

doi:10.1016/s0926-860x(00)00467-1

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is aimed at analyzing and understanding how reactors with a different fundamental configuration may influence the catalysts ranking. A similar resemblance was done by Ng et al [23], comparing MAT with riser reactor data on an equilibrium catalyst, and by Wallenstein et al [28], contrasting fixed fluidized-bed reactor with riser reactor data on steamed catalysts, however, the particular nature of the catalysts used is this work is a novel aspect. The performance of the various catalysts investigated is discussed further in the article.…”

Section: Catalytic Cracking Testingsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…3 and 4 is the fact that in the pilot scale data the variation of the dry gas yield with feed conversion is very slight, whereas gasoline overcracking occurs to a higher feed conversion level. This dry gas response, which was not reported by others [23,28] in similar experiments, corresponds to a thermal rather than a catalytic effect that occurs when the hot catalyst coming from the regenerator contacts the fresh feed at the bottom of the pilot plant riser. This leads to an overproduction of C 1 -C 2 hydrocarbons contributing to around 95% of the dry gas observed.…”

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalesupporting

confidence: 56%

“…The cracking of heavy fraction, given in terms of the bottoms selectivity, is not significantly different for the two reactor configurations. Most of these trends are [23,28,29]. A hydrodynamics effect, presumably associated to a lower concentration of catalyst particles in a pilot plant riser than that in a non circulating bench scale reactor, is a reasonable explanation for the smaller conversion observed in the pilot plant testing [23].…”

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 93%

“…This leads to an overproduction of C 1 -C 2 hydrocarbons contributing to around 95% of the dry gas observed. The more pronounced gasoline overcracking observed in the confined fluidized-bed reactor was ascribed to backmixing and long residence time effects [21,28], which increases the possibilities for secondary cracking to occur.…”

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclic Deactivation with Steam of Metallated Cracking Catalysts: Catalytic Testing at the Bench Scale and the Pilot Scale

et al. 2011

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Besides offering an adequate product distributions, a cracking catalyst must exhibit a reasonable resistance to the combined effect of high temperature, steam and metals. Two commercial catalysts, poisoned with Ni ? V (*2,500 ppm), are subjected to a large scale cyclic deactivation with steam, then characterized using mostly basic techniques and finally tested via bench scale and pilot scale cracking experiments. As examples of industrial deactivation, corresponding equilibrium catalysts (E-CATs) are investigated in parallel. Depending on their specific formulation, catalysts deactivate differently due to the exposition to high temperature steam and metals. The intrinsic deviations in the catalytic properties of cyclic deactivated catalysts (CD-CATs) related to E-CATs are further biases by the particular history of the latter and the particular reactor configuration and hydrodynamics, such deviations being magnified in the bench scale testing. Relative differences in activity and product yields (except for coke and hydrogen) of CD-CATs referred to E-CATs are below 10% at the pilot scale, and within 23% at the bench scale. Relative biases in hydrogen and coke yield of may be as high as 75 and 26% in the pilot plant and as much as 150 and 32% at the bench scale.

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Section: Catalytic Cracking Testingsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalesupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Bench Scale Versus Pilot Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cyclic Deactivation with Steam of Metallated Cracking Catalysts: Catalytic Testing at the Bench Scale and the Pilot Scale

et al. 2011

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“…Reactor internals were modified to minimize dead volumes. Recovery trap was also redesigned to improve test repetability [15,16]. Another group also improved performance by optimizing the feed injector material, resulting in less variance in yields and less coke yield when heavy resids were processed [17].…”

Section: Fixed Bed Catalyst Plug Flow Gas: Microactivity Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

FCC testing at bench scale: New units, new processes, new feeds

Corma

Sauvanaud

2013

Catalysis Today

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As the FCC process has evolved over decades, several laboratory scale equipment have appeared to maintain a proper assessment of catalysts activity. Several laboratory equipments are available for simulating the FCC process, from the well known fixed bed, MicroActivity Test to newer, fluid bed or transported bed units. As well, a number of units have been created to simulate other parts of the process such as regenerator or stripper, The increased pressure for treating non-conventional feeds, from reprocessing gasoline to extra-heavy feeds or oils produced from biomass containing large amounts of heteroatoms, increase the needs to have a laboratory test which is as close as possible to the process so that data extraction from the laboratory test are simplified, thus less prone to errors or misunderstanding. KeywordsLaboratory testing, catalytic cracking, naphtha cracking, coked catalyst, biooil cracking Highlights• FCC process is adapting to new feeds and new processes• Heavy resid feeds and biomass-derived feeds are being extensively tested • Significant operation and process changes are contemplated to squeeze maximum value from feeds: naphtha reprocessing, use of partially coked catalysts, several independent risers. 3

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Effect of Ionic Radius of Rare Earth on USY Zeolite in Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Fundamentals and Commercial Application

et al. 2015

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Latest developments in microactivity testing: influence of operational parameters on the performance of FCC catalysts

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Cyclic Deactivation with Steam of Metallated Cracking Catalysts: Catalytic Testing at the Bench Scale and the Pilot Scale

Cyclic Deactivation with Steam of Metallated Cracking Catalysts: Catalytic Testing at the Bench Scale and the Pilot Scale

FCC testing at bench scale: New units, new processes, new feeds

Effect of Ionic Radius of Rare Earth on USY Zeolite in Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Fundamentals and Commercial Application

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