Lateral Injury Criteria for the 6-year-old Pedestrian - Part I: Criteria for the Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvis

Ivarsson, Bodil; Crandall, Jeff R.; Longhitano, Douglas; Okamoto, Masayoshi

doi:10.4271/2004-01-0323

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 42 publications

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“…3, the thorax AIS of TUST IBMs 6YO is 0.925 with the maximum deformation rate of the chest 26.97%, which indicates that the child injury is mild in the frontal sled simulation. The maximum V*C values of the thorax and abdomen of TUST IBMs 6YO are 0.169 and 0.06, respectively, which do not reach the corresponding injury thresholds of 1.053 and 1.134, while the probability of AIS 4+ is 25% (Ivarsson et al, 2004), which indicates that the thorax and abdomen of TUST IBMs 6YO have a higher probability of slight or no injury. From Figures 10, 11, the maximum deformation rate and V*C values of the thorax are greater than those of the abdomen due to the difference in the effect of the seat belt on the thorax and abdomen.…”

Section: Frontiers Inmentioning

confidence: 88%

Injury study of the 6-year-old pediatric thorax and abdomen in frontal sled tests using different computational models

Li¹,

Lv²,

Hynčík³

et al. 2022

Front. Future Transp.

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The correct use of a child restraint system (CRS) is an effective internationally recognized measure to protect the safety of child occupants which can reduce the probability of child road traffic accident deaths by 54–80%. Finite element (FE) analysis is one important method with which to study the protection of child occupants. The aim of this study was to investigate thoracic and abdominal injuries and the protective effect of CRS on child occupants in 6-year-old (6YO) children in a frontal sled test using different computational models. In this study, a verified FE model of a 6YO child occupant was placed in the FE model of a CRS with a three-point safety belt. In the simulation setup phase, the frontal sled simulation of the 6YO FE model was reconstructed by applying the AAMA pulse. Based on the simulation data of the Q6 dummy FE model (Q6) and the 6YO child Virthuman model (V6) from previous studies, the frontal sled test simulation of a verified 6YO child FE model with detailed anatomical structures (TUST IBMs 6YO) was carried out to analyze pediatric thorax and abdomen injuries under the same experimental conditions. According to the simulation results, the variation tendencies of the simulation responses such as chest acceleration and compression are consistent with each other, which can provide effective information for the design of a CRS. In addition, the simulation results of the TUST IBMs 6YO can provide a variety of simulation data, such as the maximum first principal strain value and nephogram, of the internal organs of the chest and abdomen, providing a theoretical basis for the performance analysis and later development of a CRS.

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Section: Frontiers Inmentioning

confidence: 88%

Injury study of the 6-year-old pediatric thorax and abdomen in frontal sled tests using different computational models

Li¹,

Lv²,

Hynčík³

et al. 2022

Front. Future Transp.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Experimental Injury Biomechanics of the Pediatric Extremities and Pelvis

Ivarsson

Okamoto

Takahashi

2012

Pediatric Injury Biomechanics

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Pediatric Biomechanics

Arbogast¹,

Maltese²

2014

Accidental Injury

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During the human postnatal developmental process, extensive tissue and morphological changes occur. Many take place in the first few years of life but substantial development for several body regions continues well into young adulthood. Along with overall change in size, these material and structural changes influence the biomechanical response of child such that they respond differently to traumatic load than an adult. Understanding the unique biomechanical response of the child is challenging, as compared to the wealth of biomechanical data on the adult response to trauma, pediatric biomechanical data are relatively sparse. As a result, quantitative scaling relationships based on anatomical and material differences have been historically used to understand the biomechanics of the child. The last decade, however, has seen a tremendous increase in contributions to the biomechanics literature based upon pediatric subjects -volunteers, postmortem human subjects, and animal models -thus increasing our knowledge of how to design injury mitigation systems to protect the young.In this chapter, aspects of developmental anatomy and biomechanical knowledge are reviewed to provide context for pediatric human injury prediction. Emphasis is initially placed on the head and brain as this body region represents the most common seriously injured body region for children in virtually all unintentional injury modes. Specifically, head injuries are particularly relevant clinically as the developing brain is difficult to evaluate and treat, and even mild brain injuries in childhood can lead to deficits that remain long after the injury. Discussion follows on the cervical spine and thorax as these body regions are not only important from an injury mitigation standpoint but they govern the kinematics of the head during traumatic loading and therefore play a role in head injury protection. A brief description follows for the other body regions: the abdomen

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Lateral Injury Criteria for the 6-year-old Pedestrian - Part I: Criteria for the Head, Neck, Thorax, Abdomen and Pelvis

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Injury study of the 6-year-old pediatric thorax and abdomen in frontal sled tests using different computational models

Injury study of the 6-year-old pediatric thorax and abdomen in frontal sled tests using different computational models

Experimental Injury Biomechanics of the Pediatric Extremities and Pelvis

Pediatric Biomechanics

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