Laser Therapy for Birds

Ness, Robert D.; Mayer, Jörg

doi:10.1002/9781119220190.ch27

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…They go on to include, insects, aquatic organisms, worms and snails, amphibians and birds. Not only have laboratory studies used non‐mammalian models to study scientific questions, but veterinarians have also employed PBM in their clinical practice, in the case of aquatic species and birds (of course vets employ PBM on the vast majority of mammalian patients they encounter daily) .…”

Section: Pbm In Non‐mammalian Hosts and Model Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life‐forms Respond to Light?

Hamblin

Huang

Heiskanen

2018

Photochem & Photobiology

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Photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser (light) therapy, was discovered over 50 years ago, but only recently has it been making progress toward wide acceptance. PBM originally used red and near-infrared (NIR) lasers, but now other wavelengths and non-coherent light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are being explored. The almost complete lack of side effects makes the conduction of controlled clinical trials relatively easy. Laboratory research has mainly concentrated on mammalian cells (normal or cancer) in culture, and small rodents (mice and rats) as models of different diseases. A sizeable body of work was carried out in the 1970s and 1980s in Russia looking at various bacterial and fungal cells. The present review covers some of these studies and a recent number of papers that have applied PBM to so-called "model organisms." These models include flies (Drosophila), worms (Caenorhabditis elegans), fish (zebrafish) and caterpillars (Galleria). Much knowledge about the genomics and proteomics, and many reagents for these organisms already exist. They are inexpensive to work with and have lower regulatory barriers compared to vertebrate animals. Other researchers have studied different models (snails, sea urchins, Paramecium, toads, frogs and chickens). Plants may respond to NIR light differently from visible light (photosynthesis and photomorphogenesis) but PBM in plants has not been much studied. Veterinarians routinely use PBM to treat non-mammalian patients. The conclusion is that red or NIR light does indeed have significant biologic effects conserved over many different kingdoms, and perhaps it is true that "all life-forms respond to light."

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Section: Pbm In Non‐mammalian Hosts and Model Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life‐forms Respond to Light?

Hamblin

Huang

Heiskanen

2018

Photochem & Photobiology

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“…Due to the low levels of photons that are delivered, it also promotes healing of muscles by stimulating blood flow, increasing adenosine triphosphate production, and enhancing growth factors and fibroblast activity. 12 Acupuncture has been shown to reduce pain conductivity and increase neuronal activity, 13,14 and over time involve the entire neural axis. 15 Historically, avian acupuncture has not been practiced as long as mammalian acupuncture; however, more avian patients are receiving treatment using standardized points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Treatment of a Cervical Injury and Myopathy Using Integrative Medicine Techniques in an Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus) Following Cervical Entrapment

Hale Mitchell,

Koh,

Nevarez

2023

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery

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A 2-year-old female eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus) was presented for suspected cervical myopathy due to trauma. Severe ventroflexion of the cervical spine and mental depression were identified during the physical examination. The bird was responsive to stimuli but otherwise quiet. Plasma biochemistry results were suggestive of a myopathy, based on marked elevations of both aspartate transaminase (25 652 U/L) and creatine kinase (253 240 U/L). Whole-body radiographic images were unremarkable. Treatment was initiated with supportive therapy for presumptive shock, dehydration, pain, myopathy, and possible spinal swelling. Allopathic therapy included subcutaneous fluids; vitamins A, D, and E; dexamethasone sodium phosphate; hydromorphone; and gavage feeding to treat the acute inflammatory process and provide nutritional support during healing. Supportive care through the Integrative Medicine Department (Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA) was also performed on the patient. Photobiomodulation, acupuncture, Tui-na massage, and rehabilitation exercises were instituted to provide adjunct treatment for relieving pain, promoting muscle healing, improving patient demeanor, and improving cervical mobility. Integrative therapies were well tolerated by the patient, with no sedation required. By day 3, mentation had subjectively improved by 50% despite the persistent cervical ventroflexion. By day 8, the elevated serum enzyme activities had decreased, the patient could eat and drink on its own, and it could readily step up and seek attention during handling. The bird was able to lift its head and could hold it at approximately 50% of normal posture. Integrative therapies were continued throughout hospitalization. The bird was released from the hospital 20 days after initial intake, with head carriage in approximately 80% of the expected normal position and no apparent cervical pain based on palpation. This case demonstrates the benefits of integrative therapies as an adjunct treatment for cervical pain and myopathy in a psittacine species.

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A walk on the wild side: a review of physiotherapy for exotics and zoo animals

Goldberg¹

2019

Veterinary Nursing Journal

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Laser Therapy for Birds

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Non‐mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life‐forms Respond to Light?

Non‐mammalian Hosts and Photobiomodulation: Do All Life‐forms Respond to Light?

Successful Treatment of a Cervical Injury and Myopathy Using Integrative Medicine Techniques in an Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus) Following Cervical Entrapment

A walk on the wild side: a review of physiotherapy for exotics and zoo animals

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