Laser structuring of graphite anodes and NMC cathodes – Proportionate influence on electrode characteristics and cell performance

Hille, Lucas; Xu, Luping; Keilhofer, Josef; Stock, Sandro; Kriegler, Johannes; Zaeh, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139002

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…S9 †). Mn likely arises from the destructed NMC particles, as NMC particles 57,58 temporarily melt under fast pulsed laser exposure at ambient pressures. The same holds true for graphite anodes.…”

Section: Crimpingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55,56 However, structuring is compatible with most known cathode chemistries, such as LiFePO 2 (LFP), 59–61 LiMnO 2 (LMO), 62 and LiNiMnCoO 2 (NMC). 26,53,57,58,63…”

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…51 An extensive review of these processes is available in the study undertaken by Usseglio-Viretta et al 52 Multiple researchers are developing techniques to reduce the solid diffusion path in anodes and cathodes by increasing the active particle surface area with smaller particles, [53][54][55] or by structuring the electrode surface area with microchannels. 36,[55][56][57][58] The surface-induced structures will lower the tortuosity pathways for facile Li + -transport deep into the electrode, limit electrolyte concentration gradients, and reduce the electrochemical overpotential that leads to Li-plating. These features will eventuate higher rate capabilities.…”

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…55,56 However, structuring is compatible with most known cathode chemistries, such as LiFePO 2 (LFP), [59][60][61] LiMnO 2 (LMO), 62 and LiNiMnCoO 2 (NMC). 26,53,57,58,63 When comparing different variations of unstructured and structured electrodes in full cells, it is found that structuring both electrode coatings 58 or only the cathode 57 is preferred for optimal cycling performance at high C-rates. Recently, Park et al 64 fabricated LiCoO 2 (LCO) cathode and graphite anodes with ultra-high thicknesses of 700 mm and 650 mm, respectively, and showed that structuring improved the rate capability at high current densities.…”

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Structured aqueous processed lignin-based NMC cathodes for energy-dense LIBs with improved rate capability

et al. 2023

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Section: Crimpingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…55,56 However, structuring is compatible with most known cathode chemistries, such as LiFePO 2 (LFP), 59–61 LiMnO 2 (LMO), 62 and LiNiMnCoO 2 (NMC). 26,53,57,58,63…”

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Structured aqueous processed lignin-based NMC cathodes for energy-dense LIBs with improved rate capability

et al. 2023

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“…1) enhance the fast charging capability [2] and increase the lifetime of LIBs [3,4]. The electrochemical benefits are especially pronounced when laser structuring is applied to graphite anodes [5] and to thick [6] or highly compacted electrodes [7]. Furthermore, the process step of electrolyte filling can be accelerated by laser structuring as this facilitates the wetting of the electrodes with electrolyte [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated geometry characterization of laser-structured battery electrodes

Hille

Hoffmann

Kriegler

et al. 2023

Prod. Eng. Res. Devel.

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Micro structuring of battery electrodes with pulsed laser radiation substantially increases the performance of lithium-ion batteries. For process design and monitoring, determining the resulting hole diameters and depths is essential. This study presents an automated, model-based approach for the geometry characterization of laser-drilled structures in battery electrodes. An iteratively re-weighted least squares algorithm is used for fitting of a reference plane to confocal laser scanning microscopy images of laser-structured electrodes. Using a threshold-based segregation of the generated weights, the holes are segmented from the pristine electrode surfaces. The results from the automated geometry determination were found to coincide well with manual measurements. By reducing the image resolution, the runtime of the code could be decreased, which yet lowered the accuracy of the hole depth prediction. In a sensitivity analysis, the algorithm performed stably under changes in the recording conditions, such as altered image brightness, frame rate, or vertical resolution. In conclusion, the presented method reduces the effort and increases the reproducibility for analyzing large experimental data sets in laser electrode structuring. Furthermore, the approach can be successfully transferred to other applications, which is demonstrated by indentations in battery current collector foils stemming from electrode calendering.

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Mechanical Structuring of Lithium‐Ion Battery Electrodes Using an Embossing Roller

et al. 2023

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Highly performing lithium‐ion batteries are essential for the electrification of the transport sector. However, the two performance criteria, high power density and high energy density, inversely correlate with each other via the mass loading of the electrodes. To achieve high charging and discharging rates at high energy densities, structuring of electrodes is a proven method. Currently, structures are mostly realized by laser ablation, which comes along with material loss and low process rates. Herein, a concept for electrode structuring through mechanical embossing in a high‐throughput roll‐to‐roll process is elaborated. Different integration options are described and the challenges are discussed. To provide a proof of concept, a hand‐operated embossing device is built and used to structure graphite anodes. In a rate capability test, an increase in discharge capacity at medium C‐rates by up to 14.3% is observed.

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Laser structuring of graphite anodes and NMC cathodes – Proportionate influence on electrode characteristics and cell performance

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Structured aqueous processed lignin-based NMC cathodes for energy-dense LIBs with improved rate capability

Structured aqueous processed lignin-based NMC cathodes for energy-dense LIBs with improved rate capability

Automated geometry characterization of laser-structured battery electrodes

Mechanical Structuring of Lithium‐Ion Battery Electrodes Using an Embossing Roller

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