“…In a typical polymer solar cell system, namely bulk heterojunction (BHJ), electron donor, and electron acceptor materials are blended together to form an active layer, which is then sandwiched between electrodes. Examples of such donor materials are semiconducting polymers that include poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), polyaniline, poly(p-phenylene-vinylene) (PPV), and its derivative, whereas those of the acceptor materials include graphene, fullerene (C 60 ), and its derivative phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Seeponkai et al [2] synthesized of C 60 functionalized polystyrene (PSFu) and explore a feasibility for using the PSFu as a replacement of C 60 in polymer solar cells.…”