Large N x N waveguide grating routers

Bernasconi, P.; Doerr, C. R.; Dragone, C.; Cappuzzo, M.; Laskowski, E.J.; Paunescu, A.

doi:10.1109/50.850744

Cited by 58 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…First, we briefly review the physical properties of the AWG. The AWG [48]- [50] is a passive wavelengthrouting device with a wide range of applications [51], [52]. In our network, we use the AWG as wavelength router [53].…”

Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We define the mean throughput as the average number of transmitting nodes in steady state (which may also be interpreted as the average number of successfully transmitted data packets per frame). The mean throughput from a given (fixed) AWG input port to a given (fixed) AWG output port, i.e., the average number of nodes transmitting from a given AWG input port to a given AWG output port in steady state, is then given by (49) The mean aggregate throughput of the network is (50) Note that and that is bounded by the expression in (16). Thus, if and are integers, the aggregate throughput is bounded by .…”

Section: Network/system Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wavelength reuse for efficient packet-switched transport in an awg-based metro wdm network

Scheutzow

Maier

Reisslein

et al. 2003

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-Metro wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) networks play an important role in the emerging Internet hierarchy; they interconnect the backbone WDM networks and the local-access networks. The current circuit-switched SONET/synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)-over-WDM-ring metro networks are expected to become a serious bottleneck-the so-called metro gap-as they are faced with an increasing amount of bursty packet data traffic and quickly increasing bandwidths in the backbone networks and access networks. Innovative metro WDM networks that are highly efficient and able to handle variable-size packets are needed to alleviate the metro gap. In this paper, we study an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG)-based single-hop WDM metro network. We analyze the photonic switching of variable-size packets with spatial wavelength reuse. We derive computationally efficient and accurate expressions for the network throughput and delay. Our extensive numerical investigations-based on our analytical results and simulations-reveal that spatial wavelength reuse is crucial for efficient photonic packet switching. In typical scenarios, spatial wavelength reuse increases the throughput by 60% while reducing the delay by 40%. Also, the throughput of our AWG-based network with spatial wavelength reuse is roughly 70% larger than the throughput of a comparable single-hop WDM network based on a passive star coupler (PSC).Index Terms-Arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG), medium access control, metro wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) network, multiple free spectral ranges, passive star coupler (PSC), photonic packet switching, spatial wavelength reuse.

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Section: Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Network/system Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength reuse for efficient packet-switched transport in an awg-based metro wdm network

Scheutzow

Maier

Reisslein

et al. 2003

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…For packet switching, the switch fabric needs to reconfigure its connections on a per-packet basis, usually in the nanosecond time scale. Another alternative for building a photonic switch fabric is to combine tunable lasers with an array waveguide grating (AWG) [22]- [25] device as a space switch. The advantage of this approach is the rapid switching speed achieved by tuning the wavelength of the lasers at a nanosecond speed [26]- [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petastar: a petabit photonic packet switch

Chao¹,

Deng

Jing³

2003

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Abstract-This paper presents a new petabit photonic packet switch architecture, called PetaStar. Using a new multidimensional photonic multiplexing scheme that includes space, time, wavelength, and subcarrier domains, PetaStar is based on a three-stage Clos-network photonic switch fabric to provide scalable large-dimension switch interconnections with nanosecond reconfiguration speed. Packet buffering is implemented electronically at the input and output port controllers, allowing the central photonic switch fabric to transport high-speed optical signals without electrical-to-optical conversion. Optical time-division multiplexing technology further scales port speed beyond electronic speed up to 160 Gb/s to minimize the fiber connections. To solve output port contention and internal blocking in the three-stage Clos-network switch, we present a new matching scheme, called c-MAC, a concurrent matching algorithm for Clos-network switches. It is highly distributed such that the input-output matching and routing-path finding are concurrently performed by scheduling modules. One feasible architecture for the c-MAC scheme, where a crosspoint switch is used to provide the interconnections between the arbitration modules, is also proposed. With the c-MAC scheme, and an internal speedup of 1.5, PetaStar with a switch size of 6400 6400 and total capacity of 1.024 petabit/s can be achieved at a throughput close to 100% under various traffic conditions. Index Terms-Clos network, optical time-division multiplexing (OTDM), packet scheduling, photonic switch.

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“…In particular, a cyclic AWG has non-blocking interconnection properties and could be utilized in various advantageous ways, such as the deployment of AWG-STAR networks [7,8], implementation of a multicastcapable WDM network [9], or bi-directional utilization for doubling the output port number [10]. However, a drawback to a conventional cyclic AWG is that its scalability in terms of channel count and supported bandwidth is restricted due to its passband peak deviation (PPD) from the network channel grid [11]. The PPD occurs mainly due to the AWG exploiting light from three diffraction orders to realize the cyclic frequency property.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

6.4-THz-spacing, 10-channel cyclic arrayed waveguide grating for T- and O-band coarse WDM

Idris

Tsuda

2016

IEICE Electron. Express

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A 6.4-THz-spaced 10 × 10 cyclic arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) supporting 64 THz of bandwidth of the T-and O-bands is designed and fabricated. Cyclic operation was realized using only one diffraction order by combining an AWG with double the number of output waveguides and an array of 2 × 1 couplers. The maximum passband peak deviation of the AWG is around 32% of its channel spacing. Such AWG would be useful for coarse T-band applications or for waveband routing in a cascaded AWG configuration.

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Large N x N waveguide grating routers

Cited by 58 publications

References 7 publications

Wavelength reuse for efficient packet-switched transport in an awg-based metro wdm network

Wavelength reuse for efficient packet-switched transport in an awg-based metro wdm network

Petastar: a petabit photonic packet switch

6.4-THz-spacing, 10-channel cyclic arrayed waveguide grating for T- and O-band coarse WDM

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