Language in schizophrenia: relation with diagnosis, symptomatology and white matter tracts

Boer, J N de; Hoogdalem, M. van; Mandl, René C.W.; Brummelman, Jantina; Voppel, Alban; Begemann, Marieke J H; Dellen, Edwin van; Wijnen, Frank; Sommer, Iris

doi:10.1038/s41537-020-0099-3

Cited by 72 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…Information transfer between prefrontal and temporal language-relevant regions is crucial for efficient language production 36,37 . A recent study by our group revealed that integrity of white-matter language pathways is associated with broad language disturbances in schizophrenia 38 . High D2R occupancy drugs may induce a hypodopaminergic stage and reduce information processing in language tracts, and thus give rise to language disturbances related to cognitive fluency or efficiency (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Language disturbances in schizophrenia: the relation with antipsychotic medication

et al. 2020

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Language disturbances are key aberrations in schizophrenia. Little is known about the influence of antipsychotic medication on these symptoms. Using computational language methods, this study evaluated the impact of high versus low dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) occupancy antipsychotics on language disturbances in 41 patients with schizophrenia, relative to 40 healthy controls. Patients with high versus low D2R occupancy antipsychotics differed by total number of words and type-token ratio, suggesting medication effects. Both patient groups differed from the healthy controls on percentage of time speaking and clauses per utterance, suggesting illness effects. Overall, more severe negative language disturbances (i.e. slower articulation rate, increased pausing, and shorter utterances) were seen in the patients that used high D2R occupancy antipsychotics, while less prominent disturbances were seen in low D2R occupancy patients. Language analyses successfully predicted drug type (sensitivity = 80.0%, specificity = 76.5%). Several language disturbances were more related to drug type and dose, than to other psychotic symptoms, suggesting that language disturbances may be aggravated by high D2R antipsychotics. This negative impact of high D2R occupancy drugs may have clinical implications, as impaired language production predicts functional outcome and degrades the quality of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Language disturbances in schizophrenia: the relation with antipsychotic medication

et al. 2020

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“…Several approaches have been reported regarding brain rhythmicity [ 30 ] or category fluency [ 31 ] and genes, network connectivity using a computational model [ 32 ], symptomatology and white matter tracts [ 33 ], and relationship with antipsychotic medication [ 34 ]. Although the reading mechanism of DNA sequence is well-understood biologically, the cognitive mechanism of language remains unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in fractal patterns and characteristic periodicities between word salads and normal sentences: Interference of meaning and sound

Shimizu

Kuwata

2021

PLoS ONE

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Fractal dimensions and characteristic periodicities were evaluated in normal sentences, computer-generated word salads, and word salads from schizophrenia patients, in both Japanese and English, using the random walk patterns of vowels.　In normal sentences, the walking curves were smooth with gentle undulations, whereas computer-generated word salads were rugged with mechanical repetitions, and word salads from patients with schizophrenia were unreasonably winding with meaningless repetitive patterns or even artistic cohesion. These tendencies were similar in both languages. Fractal dimensions between normal sentences and word salads of schizophrenia were significantly different in Japanese [1.19 ± 0.09 (n = 90) and 1.15 ± 0.08 (n = 45), respectively] and English [1.20 ± 0.08 (n = 91), and 1.16 ± 0.08 (n = 42)] (p < 0.05 for both). Differences in long-range (>10) periodicities between normal sentences and word salads from schizophrenia patients were predominantly observed at 25.6 (p < 0.01) in Japanese and 10.7 (p < 0.01) in English. The differences in fractal dimension and characteristic periodicities of relatively long-range (>10) presented here are sensitive to discriminate between schizophrenia and healthy mental state, and could be implemented in social robots to assess the mental state of people in care.

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“…Some studies deal with the linguistic habits of psychopathologies, e.g. schizophrenia [12][13][14], personality disorder [15], anxiety and depression [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, a very limited number of papers have been devoted to linguistic changes in patients with eating disorders [23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic Feature of Anorexia Nervosa: A Prospective Case-Control Pilot Study

Cuteri

Minori

Gagliardi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: attention has recently been paid to Clinical Linguistics for the detection and support of clinical conditions. Many works have been published on the “linguistic profile” of various clinical populations, but very few papers have been devoted to linguistic changes in patients with eating disorders. Patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) share similar psychological features such as disturbances in self-perceived body image, inflexible and obsessive thinking and anxious or depressive traits. We hypothesize that these characteristics can result in altered linguistic patterns and be detected using the Natural Language Processing tools. Methods: we enrolled 51 young participants from December 2019 to February 2020 (age range: 14-18): 17 girls with a clinical diagnosis of AN, and 34 normal weighted peers, matched by gender, age and educational level. Participants in each group were asked to produce three written texts (around 10-15 lines long). A rich set of linguistic features was extracted from the text samples and the statistical significance in pinpointing the pathological process was measured.Results: comparison between the two groups showed several linguistics indexes as statistically significant, with syntactic reduction as the most relevant trait of AN productions. Conclusion: these preliminary data showed the existence of linguistic parameters as probable linguistic markers of AN. However, the analysis of a bigger cohort, still ongoing, is needed to consolidate this assumption.Level of evidence III: evidence obtained from case-control analytic studies.

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Language in schizophrenia: relation with diagnosis, symptomatology and white matter tracts

Cited by 72 publications

References 77 publications

Language disturbances in schizophrenia: the relation with antipsychotic medication

Language disturbances in schizophrenia: the relation with antipsychotic medication

Differences in fractal patterns and characteristic periodicities between word salads and normal sentences: Interference of meaning and sound

Linguistic Feature of Anorexia Nervosa: A Prospective Case-Control Pilot Study

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