Längsschnittstudie zur Belastung pflegender Angehöriger von demenziell Erkrankten (LEANDER)

Abstract

Im Rahmen der Längsschnittstudie zur Belastung pflegender Angehöriger demenziell Erkrankter (LEANDER) wurde ein Erhebungsinventar entwickelt, das sich zur Beschreibung differenzieller Belastungsverläufe und zur Evaluation von Interventionen eignet. Das Berliner Inventar zur Angehörigenbelastung (BIZA-D) besteht aus 20 Subskalen mit 88 Items. Hiermit wurde die Wirksamkeit von drei Entlastungsangeboten für die pflegenden Angehörigen demenzkranker Patienten evaluiert. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass gerontopsychiatrische Tagespflege (1) eine wirksame Entlastung bezüglich ausgewählter Belastungsdimensionen darstellt. Hilfreich war die Intervention in Bezug auf die subjektive Belastung durch Aggressivität und Widerstand, Verwirrtheit und Desorientiertheit des Pflegebedürftigen sowie hinsichtlich der Belastung durch persönliche Einschränkungen. Für die Leistung von ambulanten Pflegediensten (2) konnten signifikante Effekte im Bereich der objektiven Betreuungsaufgaben (basale Pflegeaufgaben und Anleiten und Motivieren) nachgewiesen werden. Für die Nutzung von Gesprächsgruppen (3) ließen sich Effekte weder für objektive Betreuungsaufgaben, noch für die subjektive Belastung belegen.

Caregiver burden assessed in dementia care networks in Germany: findings from the DemNet-D study baseline

“…The role conflict between work and care approached the level of statistical significance. These findings confirm earlier observations from LEANDER (Zank & Schacke, 2007). In this context, the average ratings on the sub-scale 'Personal Development' were significantly different, with women having higher ratings than men, indicating that although women experienced higher burden levels, they also perceived that their care experience provided them with a higher level of personal development than men.…”

“…In terms of burden in relation to practical care tasks, significantly higher burden scores were recorded in female caregivers for 4 of the 6 sub-scales (ADLs, IADLs, motivating and guiding, and support with social contacts). This result is not supported by LEANDER, in which no significant gender differences in objective caregiver burden were observed (Zank & Schacke, 2007). Additionally, in DemNet-D, women, especially wives, felt more severely burdened in relation to PwD changing behaviors, including cognitive impairments, disoriented or aggressive behavior, depression, and loss of relationship.…”

“…Additionally, in DemNet-D, women, especially wives, felt more severely burdened in relation to PwD changing behaviors, including cognitive impairments, disoriented or aggressive behavior, depression, and loss of relationship. Again, no such differences were reported in LEANDER (Zank & Schacke, 2007). However, the vulnerability of wives regarding rolespecific burden was also observed by Chappell, Dujela, and Smith (2015).…”

“…Objective burden was rated highest for the support caregivers provided with PwD IADLs and with social contacts, confirming the LEANDER findings (Zank & Schacke, 2007). However, in DemNet-D, the average ratings for all objective burden subscales were between 1 and 2 points lower than those in LEAN-DER (Schacke & Zank, 2009).…”

Setting matters: Associations of nurses’ attitudes towards people with dementia

“…Thus, caring for persons suffering from dementia in an early or middle stage might be especially demanding for those nurses, as affected persons are often aware of their increasing losses and react with diverse symptoms such as grief, depression, anxiousness or aggression (Schweizerische Alzheimervereinigung, ). Additionally, informal caregivers, such as relatives, are suffering from the strains of their caregiving (Ecoplan, ; Wilz, Adler, Gunzelmann, & Brähler, ; Zank, Schacke, & Leipold, ). Therefore, nurses working in the home care setting might get a rather negative view of the situations people with dementia live in.…”