Langerhans Cells Express IL-17A in the Epidermis of Chromoblastomycosis Lesions

Abstract

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal infection that affects skin and subcutaneous tissue, and little is known about the immunological aspects of such lesions. We have previously described the high expression of IL-17 in this group. Understanding the innate immune response of patients with CBM would improve the knowledge of its immunopathogenesis and contribute to the most appropriate therapies. Nineteen biopsies of verrucous form were obtained from patients with clinical and histopathological diagnosis of CBM, without treatment. This was done with a double immunostaining with conventional immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence technique as well as confocal microscopy to detect Langerin and IL-17 expression. All of the specimens that were analyzed showed expression of Langerin in the epidermis - the same as the control group. However, only the CBM group presented cells expressing CD207 in the dermis. Interestingly, the coexpression of IL-17 and Langerin was visualized along the epidermis and dermis in 100% of the lesion group. We demonstrated for the first time in situ coexpression of IL-17 and Langerin (CD207) in epidermal cells of patients with CBM and speculated on their role as IL-17-producing cells or whether they could be a new subpopulation of dendritic cells distinct from Langerhans cells.

Dendritic cells drive profibrotic inflammation and aberrant T cell polarization in systemic sclerosis

“…Remarkably, the detection of IL-17 in the supernatants of Mo-DCs and in skin DCs from our SSc cohort is unusual. We verified this observation by co-staining with IL-17A and Langerin in SSc skin biopsies, which coincides with recent studies showing that certain DC subpopulations can produce IL-17 in infection-induced inflammatory conditions of the skin [ 46 ].…”

Generating Bovine Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells for Experimental and Clinical Applications Using Commercially Available Serum-Free Medium

“…Further, activation of AV-SF MoDC with PMA+I resulted in significantly increased secretion of IL-1α, IL-10, and MIP1α, all of which have been shown to be upregulated following DC stimulation ( 69 – 71 ). IL-17A secretion was also significantly increased with PMA+I stimulation, and while production of IL-17A by distinct DC subsets has been reported, the importance of its production by the MoDC remains to be elucidated ( 72 ). Further, although statistical significance was not evaluated, trends toward increased IFN-γ and TNF-α, but decreased IL-4 was also observed for AV-SF MoDC and may indicate that MoDC generated in serum-free medium are more likely to promote Th1-type response.…”

The effect of cortisol on equine monocyte–derived dendritic cell phenotype and cytokine production

“…Both pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines were selected to provide insight into the possible polarization of subsequent DC‐induced adaptive responses. A number of recent studies demonstrate that all of these cytokines are produced by innate cells and specifically DCs (Alves de Lima Silva et al., 2017; Coury et al., 2007; Cua & Tato, 2010; Flaminio et al., 2007; Hu et al., 2017; Lopez et al., 2019, 2020b; Lourda et al., 2014; Ma et al., 2015; Merant et al., 2009; Onishi & Gaffen, 2010; Schulke, 2018). Production of these cytokines occurs before T‐cell activation, and they have established roles in modulating T‐cell developmental programmes (Th1 vs. Th2 vs. Th17) (Alves de Lima Silva et al., 2017; Coury et al., 2007; Cua & Tato, 2010; Flaminio et al., 2007; Hu et al., 2017; Lopez et al., 2019, 2020b; Lourda et al., 2014; Ma et al., 2015; Merant et al., 2009; Onishi & Gaffen, 2010; Schulke, 2018).…”