LAMP2A mediates the loading of proteins into endosomes and selects exosomal cargo

Ferreira, João Vasco; Soares, Ana da Rosa; Pereira, Paulo

doi:10.1080/15548627.2022.2092315

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (Lamp2) is expressed abundantly on EVs; therefore, they are extensively chosen as fusion proteins to steer the engineered EVs toward target cells. [62] Besides, lactadhesin and platelet-derived growth factor receptors are also widely used transmembrane proteins in EV targeting. For example, Li et al [63] used extrusion to fuse platelet membranes with EV membranes, and the obtained products, P-EVs, not only retained the original functions of EVs, but also inherited the ability of platelets to target damaged blood vessels, which demonstrated good myocardial repair ability in mouse models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.…”

Section: The Methods Of Evs Isolation and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lysosomal‐associated membrane protein 2 (Lamp2) is expressed abundantly on EVs; therefore, they are extensively chosen as fusion proteins to steer the engineered EVs toward target cells. [ 62 ] Besides, lactadhesin and platelet‐derived growth factor receptors are also widely used transmembrane proteins in EV targeting. For example, Li et al.…”

Section: Evs As Delivery Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Systems in Therapeutic Applications

Wang

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are transport vesicles secreted by living cells and released into the extracellular environment. Recent studies have shown that EVs serve as "messengers" in intercellular and inter-organismal communication, in both normal and pathological processes. EVs, as natural nanocarriers, can deliver bioactivators in therapy with their endogenous transport properties. This review article describes the engineering EVs of sources, isolation method, cargo loading, boosting approach, and adjustable targeting of EVs. Furthermore, the review summarizes the recent progress made in EV-based delivery systems applications, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, liver, kidney, nervous system diseases, and COVID-19 and emphasizes the obstacles and challenges of EV-based therapies and possible strategies.

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Section: The Methods Of Evs Isolation and Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evs As Delivery Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Systems in Therapeutic Applications

Wang

et al. 2023

Advanced Science

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“…Some non-canonical mechanisms are also involved in the regulation of exosomal protein sorting. A recent study shows that proteins containing the KFERQ pentapeptide sequence can be sorted to exosomes by a process dependent on the membrane protein LAMP2A, a novel mechanism independent of ESCRT [183,184]. Epigenetic modifications can be involved in the sorting of exosomal proteins.…”

Section: Protein Sorting To Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal cargos-mediated metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment

Tan

Yang

et al. 2023

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. As nutrients are scarce in the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor cells adopt multiple metabolic adaptations to meet their growth requirements. Metabolic reprogramming is not only present in tumor cells, but exosomal cargos mediates intercellular communication between tumor cells and non-tumor cells in the TME, inducing metabolic remodeling to create an outpost of microvascular enrichment and immune escape. Here, we highlight the composition and characteristics of TME, meanwhile summarize the components of exosomal cargos and their corresponding sorting mode. Functionally, these exosomal cargos-mediated metabolic reprogramming improves the "soil" for tumor growth and metastasis. Moreover, we discuss the abnormal tumor metabolism targeted by exosomal cargos and its potential antitumor therapy. In conclusion, this review updates the current role of exosomal cargos in TME metabolic reprogramming and enriches the future application scenarios of exosomes.

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“…To understand the roles played by these exosomal proteins in various life processes, it is useful to review the findings of prior relevant studies, which include the following: micronuclei containing gDNA and nuclear proteins interact with CD63 to be sorted into ILVs/exosomes [ 57 ] ( Figure 1 ). Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2A (LAMP2A) regulates the loading of cytosolic proteins into exosomes [ 58 ]. ALIX is necessary for the formation and release of exosomes [ 59 ].…”

Section: Contents Of Exosomes: Exosomal Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer

Shim

Jeoung

2023

Pharmaceutics

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Exosomes are a subset of extracellular vesicles produced by all cells, and they are present in various body fluids. Exosomes play crucial roles in tumor initiation/progression, immune suppression, immune surveillance, metabolic reprogramming, angiogenesis, and the polarization of macrophages. In this work, we summarize the mechanisms of exosome biogenesis and secretion. Since exosomes may be increased in the cancer cells and body fluids of cancer patients, exosomes and exosomal contents can be used as cancer diagnostic and prognostic markers. Exosomes contain proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These exosomal contents can be transferred into recipient cells. Therefore, this work details the roles of exosomes and exosomal contents in intercellular communications. Since exosomes mediate cellular interactions, exosomes can be targeted for developing anticancer therapy. This review summarizes current studies on the effects of exosomal inhibitors on cancer initiation and progression. Since exosomal contents can be transferred, exosomes can be modified to deliver molecular cargo such as anticancer drugs, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and micro RNAs (miRNAs). Thus, we also summarize recent advances in developing exosomes as drug delivery platforms. Exosomes display low toxicity, biodegradability, and efficient tissue targeting, which make them reliable delivery vehicles. We discuss the applications and challenges of exosomes as delivery vehicles in tumors, along with the clinical values of exosomes. In this review, we aim to highlight the biogenesis, functions, and diagnostic and therapeutic implications of exosomes in cancer.

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LAMP2A mediates the loading of proteins into endosomes and selects exosomal cargo

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Systems in Therapeutic Applications

Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Systems in Therapeutic Applications

Exosomal cargos-mediated metabolic reprogramming in tumor microenvironment

Exosomes: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer

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