Lactobacillus johnsonii supplementation attenuates respiratory viral infection via metabolic reprogramming and immune cell modulation

Fonseca, Wendy; Lucey, Kaitlyn S.; Jang, Sihyug; Fujimura, Kei E.; Rasky, Andrew J.; Ting, Hung-An; Petersen, Jørgen; Johnson, Christine Cole; Boushey, Homer A.; Zoratti, Edward M.; Ownby, Dennis R.; Levine, Andmyron M.; Bobbit, K. R.; Lynch, Susan V.; Lukacs, Nicholas W.

doi:10.1038/mi.2017.13

Cited by 73 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…For example, L. johnsonii isolate N6.2 has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects in animal experiments and to protect diabetes-prone rats from developing the disease (49,50). In another study, L. johnsonii was shown to attenuate respiratory viral infection via metabolic reprogramming and immune cell modulation (51). L. johnsonii LB1 expresses a bile salt hydrolase active against tauro-beta-muricholic acid (T-␤-MCA), a critical mediator of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling that is important in maintaining metabolic homeostasis (52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

et al. 2020

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Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to those obtained with a calorie-matched control diet. Comparison of the cecal microbiota identified key differences in abundances of Lactobacillus spp. Increased levels of Lactobacillus johnsonii in GOS-fed juvenile birds at the expense of Lactobacillus crispatus were linked to improved performance (growth rate and market weight). Investigation of the innate immune responses highlighted increases of ileal and cecal interleukin-17A (IL-17A) gene expression counterposed to a decrease in IL-10. Quantification of the autochthonous Lactobacillus spp. revealed a correlation between bird performance and L. johnsonii abundance. Shifts in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp. of juvenile birds primed intestinal innate immunity without harmful pathogen challenge. IMPORTANCE Improvements in the growth rate of broiler chickens can be achieved through dietary manipulation of the naturally occurring bacterial populations while mitigating the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters. Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are manufactured as a by-product of dairy cheese production and can be incorporated into the diets of juvenile chickens to improve their health and performance. This study investigated the key mechanisms behind this progression and pinpointed L. johnsonii as a key species that facilitates the enhancements in growth rate and gut health. The study identified the relationships between the GOS diet, L. johnsonii intestinal populations, and cytokine immune effectors to improve growth.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

et al. 2020

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“…johnsonii was shown to attenuate respiratory viral infection via metabolic reprogramming and immune cell modulation (46). L. johnsonii LB1 expresses a bile salt hydrolase active against tauro-beta-muricholic acid (T--MCA), a critical mediator of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling that is important in maintaining metabolic homeostasis (47).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Galacto-oligosaccharides modulate the juvenile gut microbiome and innate immunity to improve broiler chicken performance

Richards

Lafontaine

Connerton

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Improvements in growth performance and health are key goals in broiler chicken production. Inclusion of prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides in broiler feed enhanced the growth rate and feed conversion of chickens relative to a calorie-matched control diet. Comparison of the cecal microbiota identified key differences in abundance of Lactobacillus spp. Increased levels of L. johnsonii in GOS-fed juvenile birds at the expense of L. crispatus was linked to improved performance (growth rate and market weight). Investigation of the innate immune responses highlighted increases of ileal and cecal IL-17A gene expression counterposed to a decrease in IL-10 and IL-17F. Quantification of the autochthonous Lactobacillus ssp. revealed a correlation between bird performance and L. johnsonii abundance. Shifts in the cecal populations of key Lactobacillus spp. of juvenile birds primed intestinal innate immunity without harmful pathogen challenge. IMPORTANCEImprovements in the growth rate of broiler chickens can be achieved through dietary manipulation of the naturally occurring bacterial populations whilst mitigating the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters. Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) are manufactured as a by-product of dairy cheese production, which can be incorporated in the diets of juvenile chickens to improve their health and performance. This study investigates the key mechanisms behind this progression and pin points L. johnsonii as a key species that facilitates the enhancements in growth rate and gut health. It also relates the role of the innate immune system in the response to the GOS diet.in the PCR reaction and converted into genome copy number per gram of cecal content based on the mass of cecal material and elution volume applied for DNA extraction.Data and Statistical Analysis. For the microbiota -diversity analysis Bray Curtis distances were tested for significance using AMOVA implemented within Mothur (79). Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) was used to identify differentially abundant OTUs (82) and implemented within Mothur (79). Data processing and ordination were performed using R (R Development Core Team, 2013. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. ISBN 3-900051-07-0; URL http://www.R-project.org ; 83). With the exception of Figure S2 all figures were drawn using R version 3.5.3 (2019-03-11) in Rstudio 1.1 (84,85). R scripts used to draw figures are available at: https://github.com/PJRichards/Richards_GOS_broiler. Significance tests of heterophil counts, villus and crypt measurements were performed using single-factor ANOVA with p < 0.05 used as the level significance. Non-normally distributed gene expression data were compared using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. Data Availability. The genome DNA sequences of L. crispatus DC21.1 appear in the NCBI database under the accession numbers CP039266-CP039267.The genome DNA sequences L. johnsonii DC22.2 appear in the NCBI database under the access...

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“…being an integral part of the intestinal microflora having earned the "Generally Regarded as Safe" status are the most successful probiotic candidates. Lactic acid producing bacteria are known to possess various health benefits such as anti-cancer activity, lowering of serum cholesterol, lactose intolerance alleviation, prevention of antibiotic related diarrhea, stimulation of the immune functions, antimicrobial activity against resistant pathogens [8,9] prevention and treatment of Inflammatory bowel disease [10], respiratory viral infection [11]. Recently, Lactobacillus spp.…”

Section: Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Microbes: Roles in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance

Afolayan¹,

Adetoye²,

Ayeni³

2019

Antimicrobial Resistance - A Global Threat

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The upsurge of resistance in classes of antibiotics in varied bacterial species has increased the search for alternatives to antibiotics in bacterial infections. However, one alternative is the beneficial bacteria in foods, environment and gut. Probiotics is now being embraced as an alternative strategy to combat antibiotic resistant pathogens. A newer application is gut microbiota in its healthy state combating pathogenic and antibiotic resistant microbes. There have been numerous applications of beneficial bacteria against different infectious agents. This article describes the concept of beneficial microbes as antimicrobial agents with current applications as antimicrobial agents, various applications in the human gut with future directions.

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Lactobacillus johnsonii supplementation attenuates respiratory viral infection via metabolic reprogramming and immune cell modulation

Cited by 73 publications

References 72 publications

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

Galacto-Oligosaccharides Modulate the Juvenile Gut Microbiome and Innate Immunity To Improve Broiler Chicken Performance

Galacto-oligosaccharides modulate the juvenile gut microbiome and innate immunity to improve broiler chicken performance

Beneficial Microbes: Roles in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance

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