Lactation induces increases in the RANK/RANKL/OPG system in maxillary bone

Macari, Soraia; Sharma, Lavanya Ajay; Wyatt, Amanda; Silva, Janine Maíra da; Dias, George J.; Silva, Tarcı́lia Aparecida; Szawka, Raphael E.; Grattan, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.032

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In our study, the RANKL/OPG ratio increased according to the AP progression. The balance between RANKL and OPG expression is essential to determine the overall biological response in periodontal disease 28 , orthodontic tooth movement 18 , some osteolytic lesions in the facial skeleton 32 , and AP 4 , 21 . Menezes, et al 21 (2008) suggested that sites with active bone resorption show a differential pattern of RANKL/OPG expression when compared with sites where bone resorption is absent or minimal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical and mRNA expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 during apical periodontitis progression in mice

et al. 2018

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Objective To evaluate and correlate, in the same research, the mRNA expression and the staining of RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 by immunohistochemistry in the apical periodontitis (AP) progression in mice.Material and Methods AP was induced in the lower first molars of thirty-five C57BL/6 mice. They were assigned to four groups according to their euthanasia periods (G0, G7, G21 and G42). The jaws were removed and subjected to histotechnical processing, immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). Data were analyzed with parametric and nonparametric tests (α=0.05).Results An increase of positive immunoreactivity for RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 was observed over time (p<0.05). The RANKL expression was different between the groups G0 and G42, G21 and G42 (p=0.006), with G42 presenting the higher expression in both comparations. The OPG expression was statistically different between the groups G0 and G7, G7 and G21 and G7 and G42 (p<0.001), with G7 presenting higher expression in all the time points. The TLR2 expression was different between the groups G0 and G42 (p=0.03), with G42 showing the higher expression. The MyD88 expression presented a statistical significant difference between groups G7, G21 and G42 compared with G0 (p=0.01), with G0 presenting the smallest expression in all the comparisons. The Tnfrsf11/Tnfrsf11b (RANKL/OPG) ratio increased with the AP progression (p=0.002). A moderate positive correlation between MyD88 and RANKL (r=0.42; p=0.03) and between MyD88 and TLR2 (r=0.48; p<0.0001) was observed.Conclusion The expression of the RANK, RANKL, OPG, MyD88 and TLR2 proteins as well as the ratio Tnfrsf11/Tnfrsf11b (RANKL/OPG) increased with AP progression. There was also a moderate positive correlation between the expression Myd88-Tnfrsf11 and Tlr2-Myd88, suggesting the relevance of Tlr2-Myd88 in bone loss due to bacterial infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical and mRNA expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 during apical periodontitis progression in mice

et al. 2018

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“…The femur was analyzed by microCT as previously described [45]. Briefly, femurs were dissected and fixed in 10% buffered formalin (pH 7.4) and samples were scanned using a compact desktop microCT scanner Skyscan 1174 (Bruker-MicroCT, Kontich, Belgium), with 50 kV of source voltage, 800 µA source current and 12.18 µm pixel size.…”

Section: Micro Computed-tomography (Microct) Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements were performed at the distal femur excluding the growth plate as previously described [45]. The femurs were fixed in 10% formalin, decalcified in 14% EDTA and embedded in paraffin.…”

Section: Bone Histomorphometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Exposure to the Flame Retardant Mixture Firemaster 550 Compromises Adult Bone Integrity in Male but not Female Rats

Macari

Rock

Santos

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Flame retardants (FRs) are used in a variety of common items from furniture to carpet to electronics to reduce flammability and combustion, but the potential toxicity of these compounds is raising health concerns globally. Organophosphate FRs (OPFRs) are becoming more prevalent as older, brominated FRs are phased out, but the toxicity of these compounds, and the FR mixtures that contain them, is poorly understood. Work in a variety of in vitro model systems has suggested that FRs may induce metabolic reprogramming such that bone density is compromised at the expense of increasing adiposity. To address this hypothesis, the present studies maternally exposed Wistar rat dams orally across gestation and lactation to 1000 µg daily of the FR mixture Firemaster 550 (FM 550) which contains a mixture of brominated FRs and OPFRs. At six months of age, the offspring of both sexes were examined for evidence of compromised bone composition. Bone density, composition, and marrow were all significantly affected, but only in males. The fact that the phenotype was observed months after exposure suggests that FM 550 altered some fundamental aspect of mesenchymal stem cell reprogramming. The severity of the phenotype and the human-relevance of the dose employed, affirm this is an adverse outcome meriting further exploration.

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“…Although the expression of RANKL was linked to osteopenia in lactating mice by Macari, et al 18 it was found that the increased expression of RANKL RANK & OPG resulted in increased bone remodeling and enhanced orthodontic tooth movement. In addition, Li et al 19 proved that the injection of RANKL in mice facilitated tooth movement through induction of osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption with subsequent stimulation of new bone formation which explains the effect of the gene on bone remodeling and formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alveolar bone morphology and remodeling parameters in the sites of congenitally missing teeth. A pilot study

Hakam

Elfatah

2020

Egyptian Dental Journal

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Aim of the study: The cause of a tooth loss may have an impact on the bone quality at this specific site affecting its Osseo integrative potential. The present study was designed to investigate bone quality and activity in implant fixation sites of congenitally missing teeth compared to others of healed extraction ones.Methods: 10 core biopsies were collected during implant fixation procedure; 5 from sites of healed extraction and 5 from sites of congenitally missing un-grafted ridge. They were all from the same jaw with no predilection of anterior or posterior. The specimens were processed for histological, morphometric & gene expression of RANKL & vitamin D receptors (VDR).Results: histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin showed different bone architecture between the two groups with apparent more intact appearance of the healed extraction group. histomorphometry revealed significant difference between the two groups in the total bone area percentage in favor of the healed extraction group. gene expression values of vitamin D receptors, as well as RANKL, recorded a significant decrease in the congenitally missing samples when compared to the healed extraction ones.Conclusion: the results of the present work suggest the possible effect of cause of tooth loss on the quality of the residual bone which may affect the osteointegration potential in the area that reflects on implant survival rates. More detailed investigation is recommended to include: different areas, different gender as well as involving more growth factors.

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Lactation induces increases in the RANK/RANKL/OPG system in maxillary bone

Cited by 27 publications

References 30 publications

Immunohistochemical and mRNA expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 during apical periodontitis progression in mice

Immunohistochemical and mRNA expression of RANK, RANKL, OPG, TLR2 and MyD88 during apical periodontitis progression in mice

Developmental Exposure to the Flame Retardant Mixture Firemaster 550 Compromises Adult Bone Integrity in Male but not Female Rats

Alveolar bone morphology and remodeling parameters in the sites of congenitally missing teeth. A pilot study

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