1992
DOI: 10.1525/sp.1992.39.4.03x0047u
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Labor Surplus and Punishment: A Review and Assessment of Theory and Evidence

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Cited by 84 publications
(63 citation statements)
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“…Box and Hale, 1985;Greenberg and West, 2001;Inverarity and McCarthy, 1988). However, as we noted earlier, research on this issue has been mixed (Chiricos and Delone, 1992).…”
Section: Class Conflict Racial Threat and Punishment Of Disadvantagmentioning
confidence: 87%
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“…Box and Hale, 1985;Greenberg and West, 2001;Inverarity and McCarthy, 1988). However, as we noted earlier, research on this issue has been mixed (Chiricos and Delone, 1992).…”
Section: Class Conflict Racial Threat and Punishment Of Disadvantagmentioning
confidence: 87%
“…Inverarity and Grattet, 1989;Inverarity and McCarthy, 1988;Jankovic, 1977). Both have their limitations, given the tremendous variation in penal severity across states and over time (see Chiricos and Delone, 1992). Consequently, recent research has begun to employ data for states over time (Beckett and Western, 2001;Greenberg and West, 2001;Jacobs and Carmichael, 2001).…”
Section: Politics and Punishmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…A review, for example, finds that only about 60 percent of 147 reported relationships between unemployment and imprisonments are positive (Chiricos and Delone 1992). Despite these discrepancies, this relationship is plausible.…”
Section: Unemploymentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Under circumstances of high unemployment, we expect that courts would typically opt for more formal controls over high-risk populations (Greenberg, 1975;Chiricos & Delone 1992). In keeping with this expectation, Holzer, Raphael & Stoll (2004) administered an employer survey from four major U.S. cities and found that 19.5% of employers reportedly would not hire ex-offenders while an additional 42.1% said they probably would not hire ex-offenders.…”
Section: B Unemployment Effectsmentioning
confidence: 99%