La mise en oeuvre sociale du rêve. Un exemple australien

Abstract

La mise en œuvre sociale du rêve Un exemple australienLes systèmes culturels du rêve des sociétés aborigènes d'Australie dans leurs dimensions épistémologiques, sémantiques et pragmatiques restent un champ d'investigation anthropologique passablement négligé. À l'aide de données recueillies auprès des groupes aborigènes du désert occidental, je propose de considérer cinq moments dans l'analyse de la mise en œuvre sociale du rêve : les theories oniriques locales; le récit onirique; les modes de partage et les processus d'apprentissage du langage onirique; les thematiques oniriques et les grilles locales d'interprétation; et enfin le potentiel révélateur/innovateur accordé au rêve. Cette analyse permet en outre des interrogations plus larges sur le rapport au réel et sur la construction culturelle de l'expérience.The Socialization ofDreams An Australien ExampleThe cultural Systems of dreams of Australian Aboriginal societies in their epistemological, semantic and pragmatic dimensions remain afield of anthropological investigation somehow neglected. On the basis offieldwork conducted among Aboriginal groups ofthe Western Desert, I propose to consider five moments for the anafysis ofthe socialization of dreams : local theories on dreaming; the dream narrative; the modes of dream sharing and the learning process; drearn thematics and local grid of interprétation; and the revealing/innovative potential of dreaming. Thus, the analysis informs on local worldviews and on the cultural construction of experience

Mapping Dreams/Dreaming Maps: Bridging Indigenous and Western Geographical Knowledge

“…The aboriginal peoples of Australia are another good example of a society that strongly links dreams with territorial knowledge (Chatwin 1988;Poirier 1994b;Turnbull 2000, 32-8). For these people, maps are among the most common form of representation and can be drawn on bark, sand, rocks or bodies.…”

Writing the Lines of Connection: Unveiling the Strange Language of Urbanization

“…The most relevant example in this respect comes from Poirier in the same book (Poirier, 1994a). From data collected during various fieldwork sessions that took place in the 1980s in the desert of Western Australia, Poirier explains that, for the Aboriginals of this region, dreams are real experiences, integral parts of the real and of the stream of events.…”

“…In short, sites on the territory and tjukurrpa beings are not part of nature, neither are they part of the supernatural. They are and they belong to the social order (Poirier, 1994a: 107–8).…”

“…Dreams, as lived and understood by the Aboriginals, are moments and places of actions, experiences and knowledge. They are perceived as true experiences (Poirier, 1994a: 108, 116). The term kapukurri also describes the narrations of dreams.…”

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In cultures of oral tradition, we do not conceive fictitious narrations. All stories derived from a lived experience, whether a dream, an encounter with a tjukurrpa being, a new experience or a remarkable achievement of a late relative, are real and are part of the real (Poirier, 1994a: 110 — my translation).

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