La media lengua de Imbabura

Rendón, J. Gómez

doi:10.31819/9783865278968-003

Cited by 49 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Through the process of relexification nearly all the lexical roots in Quichua, including core vocabulary, were replaced by their Spanish counterparts. Impressionistically, ml appears to conform to Quichua phonology (Muysken, 1997;Gómez-Rendón, 2005) while also maintaining Quichua word order and the vast majority of Quichua's agglutinating suffixes (Gómez-Rendón, 2005;Muysken, 1997;Stewart, 2012). Example (1) illustrates a typical pml sentence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Media Lengua (ml) is often described as an excellent case of a bilingual mixed language (Backus, 2003;McConvell and Meakins, 2005) because of its split between roots (mostly of Spanish origin ~ 89%) and suffixes (mostly of Quichua origin). While evidence suggests that relexification was the primary process involved in developing ml's lexicon (Muysken, 1980(Muysken, , 1981, it has also been suggested that lexical freezing (Gómez-Rendón, 2005;Muysken, 1997;Stewart, 2011), translexification (Muysken, 1981), adlexification (Shappeck, 2011) and code-switching (Stewart, 2011) played a formative role as well. Through the process of relexification nearly all the lexical roots in Quichua, including core vocabulary, were replaced by their Spanish counterparts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Intonation Patterns in Pijal Media Lengua

Stewart

2015

J Lang Contact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pijal Media Lengua (pml) is a mixed language described as having Quichua morphosyntactic and phonological systems where nearly every content word (89%), including pronouns and determiners, is replaced by its Spanish-derived counterpart through the process of relexification. pml speakers however, often regard their language as intonationally distinct from both Quichua and Spanish. This paper offers a basic description of the pitch accent and boundary tone configurations found in pml using the autosegmental framework (Pierrehumbert, 1980) in a ToBI transcription system (Silverman, 1984). This paper also explorers the current literature on mixed language phonetics and attempts to promote acoustic analyses of intonation as a useful investigative tool for analyzing the origins of prosodic material. The results suggest that pml predominantly makes use of Quichua-like intonation patterns along with innovative and/or preserved structures.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intonation Patterns in Pijal Media Lengua

Stewart

2015

J Lang Contact

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the wryly humorous name, Media Lengua is a full language spoken natively together with Quichua in the communities of Pijal, Angla, and Casco Valenzuela in the northern Ecuadoran province of Imbabura and consists of Quichua morphosyntax, complete with all system morphemes, but with virtually all Quichua roots replaced by their Spanish equivalents. Media Lengua was first described in the 1970s for some communities in central Ecuador by Muysken (1979Muysken ( , 1981Muysken ( , 1988Muysken ( , 1997; it has now disappeared from this region (Lipski 2019b;Müller 2011;Shappeck 2011), but is maintained robustly in the three aforementioned communities at least since the middle of the 20th century (Gómez Rendón 2005Lipski 2019b;Stewart 2011Stewart , 2013.…”

Section: A Limiting Test Case: Quichua and Media Lengua In Ecuadormentioning

confidence: 99%

Pronouns, Interrogatives, and (Quichua-Media Lengua) Code-Switching: The Eyes Have It

Lipski

2020

Languages

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examines the processing of two putatively problematic intra-sentential code-switching configurations, following subject pronouns and interrogatives, in a bilingual speech community in which there are no confounding grammatical differences. The languages are Ecuadoran Quichua and the mixed language known as Media Lengua, consisting of the entire Quichua morphosyntactic system but with all lexical roots replaced by their Spanish counterparts. In eye-tracking processing experiments utilizing the visual world paradigm with auditorily presented stimuli, Quichua–Media Lengua bilinguals identified the languages more quickly after pronouns and interrogatives than after lexical items, while acknowledgement of code-switches after pronouns and interrogatives was delayed in comparison with switches following lexical items. The facilitation effect of pronouns and interrogatives evidently provokes a surprise reaction when they are immediately followed by items from another language, and this relative delay may play a role in the low acceptability of code-switched utterances that otherwise violate no grammatical constraints.

show abstract

“…In the northern province of Imbabura, Media Lengua is alive and well in the indigenous communities of Angla and Casco Valenzuela, in the parroquia 'parish' of San Pablo del Lago in the cantón 'county' of Otavalo. In these villages Media Lengua continues to be used (together with Quichua) on a daily basis by most residents, although many of the youngest community members primarily use Spanish (Gómez Rendón 2005. Media Lengua is also present in the community of Pijal (Stewart 2011(Stewart , 2013(Stewart , 2015a(Stewart , 2015b, located about an hour's walk downhill from the aforementioned communities (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Quichua and Media Lengua In Ecuador: Identical Morphosyntaxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-Testing Code-Switching Constraints: A Report on a Strategic Languages Project

Lipski

2019

Languages

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present article provides an overview of ongoing field-based research that deploys a variety of interactive experimental procedures in three strategically chosen bilingual contact environments, whose language dyads facilitate a partial separation of morphosyntactic factors in order to test the extent to which proposed grammatical constraints on intra-sentential code-switching are independent of language-specific factors. For purposes of illustration, the possibility of language switches between subject pronouns and verbs is compared for the three bilingual groups. The first scenario includes Ecuadoran Quichua and Media Lengua (entirely Quichua syntax and system morphology, all lexical roots replaced by Spanish items; both are null-subject languages). The second juxtaposes Spanish and the Afro-Colombian creole language Palenquero; the languages share highly cognate lexicons but differ substantially in grammatical structures (including null subjects in Spanish, only overt subjects in Palenquero). Spanish and Portuguese in north-eastern Argentina along the Brazilian border form the third focus: lexically and grammatically highly cognate languages that are nonetheless kept distinct by speakers (both null-subject languages, albeit with different usage patterns). Results from the three communities reveal a residual resistance against pronoun + verb switches irrespective of the subject-verb configuration, thereby motivating the application of similar techniques to other proposed grammatical constraints.

show abstract

La media lengua de Imbabura

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Intonation Patterns in Pijal Media Lengua

Intonation Patterns in Pijal Media Lengua

Pronouns, Interrogatives, and (Quichua-Media Lengua) Code-Switching: The Eyes Have It

Field-Testing Code-Switching Constraints: A Report on a Strategic Languages Project

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About