Kinetics of styrene free radical polymerisation in the spinning disc reactor

Vićević, Marija; Novakovic, Katarina; Boodhoo, Kamelia; Morris, A.J.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2007.05.041

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Microfluidics also encompasses dynamic fluidic thin films generated centrifugally by passing liquids over rotating surfaces, as in spinning disc processors (SDPs)3456789101112131415161718 and horizontally aligned rotating tube processors (RTPs) with open ends18192021222324. These processors are effective in controlling chemical reactions34567891011121322, probing the structure of self organised systems14, and exfoliation and scrolling of graphite and hexagonal boron nitride ( h -BN)318192021222324. However, the volumes of liquid required for maintaining constant shear intensity in the fluids flowing over the rotating surfaces, coupled with finite residence times and high cost of construction, can limit the scope of their applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…SDP has feed jets directed close to the centre of a rapidly rotating disc where there is intense micro-mixing, with residence times of typically less than a second, depending on the size of the disc, spinning speed, surface texture of the disc itself, viscosity of liquid and flow rates10. With respect to applications in organic synthesis, the SDP has been used to isomerize α-pinene7, control polymerization reactions368, and prepare 1,5-diketones as an entry to 2,4,6-triaryl pyridines9. Intriguingly, for the latter, several passes are required to move beyond the chalcone intermediate to form significant quantities of the desired 1,5-diketone9.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Optimising a vortex fluidic device for controlling chemical reactivity and selectivity

Yasmin

Chen

Stubbs

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

181

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A vortex fluidic device (VFD) involving a rapidly rotating tube open at one end forms dynamic thin films at high rotational speed for finite sub-millilitre volumes of liquid, with shear within the films depending on the speed and orientation of the tube. Continuous flow operation of the VFD where jet feeds of solutions are directed to the closed end of the tube provide additional tuneable shear from the viscous drag as the liquid whirls along the tube. The versatility of this simple, low cost microfluidic device, which can operate under confined mode or continuous flow is demonstrated in accelerating organic reactions, for model Diels-Alder dimerization of cyclopentadienes, and sequential aldol and Michael addition reactions, in accessing unusual 2,4,6-triarylpyridines. Residence times are controllable for continuous flow processing with the viscous drag dominating the shear for flow rates >0.1 mL/min in a 10 mm diameter tube rotating at >2000 rpm.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Optimising a vortex fluidic device for controlling chemical reactivity and selectivity

Yasmin

Chen

Stubbs

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

181

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“…The work recently reported ( Vicevic et al, 2006 ) will, it is believed, form the basis of Future Polymer Processes . Carried out in conjunction with Sheffi eld University, the examination of the kinetics of the process has allowed the continuous polymerization rate on the SDR to be improved to such an extent that a 10% change in conversion could be achieved on a disc after only one pass across it -a residence time of just 2 seconds.…”

Section: Manufacture Of Polystyrenementioning

confidence: 83%

Application areas – petrochemicals and fine chemicals

2008

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“…This new technology greatly increases the free‐radical polymerization rate and consequently reduces the polymerization process time. Polymerization reactions of a few vinyl monomers such as styrene, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and unsaturated esters have been performed in thin, highly sheared films with a spinning disc reactor (SDR) 1–8. The results have shown that SDR technology is suitable for performing reactions that are heat‐limited and mass‐limited and for enhancing the polymerization rate without a significant change in the polydispersity of the polymer product 1, 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results have shown that SDR technology is suitable for performing reactions that are heat‐limited and mass‐limited and for enhancing the polymerization rate without a significant change in the polydispersity of the polymer product 1, 9. In fact, the rotation of a disc provides excellent micromixing and film homogeneity and elongates the reacting fluid elements over the disc surface because of axial acceleration 1, 9, 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bulk free‐radical polymerization of styrene on a spinning disc reactor

Moghbeli

Mohammadi

Alavi

2009

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The bulk free-radical polymerization of styrene was carried out on a spinning disc reactor (SDR) with prepolymer feeds previously prepared in a stirred batch reactor at 70 C. The SDR significantly enhanced the reaction rate when the conversion of the prepolymer feed was about 50%. There was an optimal disc rotation speed, that is, 1500 rpm, at which the conversion enhancement was maximized. Increasing the disc rotation speed up to 1500 rpm increased the conversion, but a further increase beyond this speed caused the conversion enhancement to decrease. This behavior could be attributed to the dual effect of the disc speed (controlling both the residence time and the effective radial mixing of the reaction media) on the disc. On the other hand, the multipass disc feeding mode was used as an approach to increase the residence time and evolution of the conversion of the reacting mixture in the SDR. Surprisingly, a maximum conversion change of about 40% was achieved for a prepolymer feed of 50% after three passes across the rotating disc. Furthermore, the effect of multipass disc feeding on the molecular characteristics of the SDR products was investigated. In comparison with the results obtained at a feed conversion of 30%, the weightaverage molecular weight, the z-average molecular weight, and the polydispersity index of the three-pass SDR products prepared with a 50% feed conversion at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm were lower than those of the one-pass products. This behavior could be attributed to probable chain scission of long polymer chains as a result of the high shear and elongation forces that arose on the disc surface.

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Kinetics of styrene free radical polymerisation in the spinning disc reactor

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Optimising a vortex fluidic device for controlling chemical reactivity and selectivity

Optimising a vortex fluidic device for controlling chemical reactivity and selectivity

Application areas – petrochemicals and fine chemicals

Bulk free‐radical polymerization of styrene on a spinning disc reactor

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