Kinetic Parameters for Dilute Epoxy Resins Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Rickman, Richard Dale; Wilson, J. Michael; Weaver, Jimmie D.

doi:10.2118/106160-ms

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Epoxy resin (Figure ) is a thermosetting polymer. Epoxy resin is inexpensive and has good mechanical properties and chemical inertness, so it is widely used in proppant surface coatings. ,− Brittleness can be reduced and thermodynamic properties improved by incorporating nanoparticles into epoxy resins . Furan has strong heat and water resistance, but furan resin does not have a high mechanical strength.…”

Section: Proppant Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Liu

Huang

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Conventional proppants have the problem of proppant flowback and the inability to fully distribute along long fractures. To solve these problems, coated proppants have emerged and have been successfully used in many oilfields. Polymers are widely used in the petroleum industry, and one of their functions is for proppant coatings. Polymer coatings can change the mechanical properties of the proppant, improve the fracture conductivity of the proppant, and give the proppant other properties, such as self-suspending, low-density, antiflowback, and hydrophobic properties. This paper reviews the polymers and polymer nanocomposites commonly used in proppant coatings, introduces the performance characteristics of various functional proppants, and describes the latest developments regarding coated proppants, which can be of reference for petroleum workers.

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Section: Proppant Coating Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Liu

Huang

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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Setting the Standard for Resin Coated Proppant Testing

et al. 2008

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This paper describes the performance evaluation of curable resin coated proppants currently used in Russian Oilfields. The performance of these RCPs is compared based on established API/ISO standards and standard resin coated proppant testing methods currently applied within Schlumberger. These methods investigate further fluid compatibility between fluid systems and resin, proppant pack integrity under a variety and combination of curing conditions and proppant pack integrity under well flowing conditions. In the paper we evaluate the material performance of resin coated proppants used in Russia, showcase new resin coated proppant testing methods and demonstrate the need for firm industry standards devoted to the testing of resin coated proppants. Introduction A common problem after the fracturing stimulation of a well can be the back production of proppant[i],[ii] (proppant flowback). Proppant flowback can occur instantly during well cleanup, over a period of several days to weeks after the fracturing treatment and during the economic life of the well. Proppant flowback often leads to poor fracture conductivity in the near the wellbore region due a reduction in fracture width. This width reduction can act as a choke limiting production from the entire fracture. Proppant that flows back can have a detrimental effect on production equipment, lead to plugging or erosion of surface and downhole completions and lead to loss of revenue during down time when equipment is replaced. In some cases up to 15 % of the proppant placed during a fracture treatment has been known to return during the clean-up period. Root cause analysis of ESP failures attribute up to 30% of the failures to solids/proppant production. The net impact of proppant flowback can result in reduced production, damaged equipment and ultimately loss of revenue. Some method of flowback control is usually implemented to avoid issues with proppant flowback and maximize fracture production. Existing solutions for proppant flowback include curable resin coated proppant (RCP), fibers, deformable beads and resin on-the-fly. The most popular of these solutions remains curable resin coated proppant. Since the late 1970s, curable RCP has been used to control proppant flowback[iii]. The curable resin coatings are designed for a variety of downhole temperatures and can be applied to a variety of sand and ceramic substrates depending on the crush resistance and conductivity required. The effectiveness of using RCP as a proppant flowback control tool has been confirmed by multiple laboratory studies, ?s well as long-term experience of its application. It is widely accepted[iv] that the long-term flowback control, sand control and conductivity resulting from curable RCP is due to the following reasons:chemical consolidation between proppant grains resulting in high compressive strength;higher crush resistance than the substrate due to more effective distribution of stress between particles; andresin coating keeps fines encapsulated after failure of the substrate.

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An Overview of Polymer Resin Systems Deployed for Remedial Operations in Saudi Arabia

Alsaihati

Al-Yami

Wagle

et al. 2017

Day 2 Tue, April 25, 2017

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Gas migration through cement columns has been an industry challenge for many years. Formation gas/influx can migrate through the cement column resulting in gas being present at the surface. To overcome gas migration on existing wells, remedial jobs are executed, which requires detailed engineering and testing prior field deployment. The objective of this paper is to detail the effort and experimental work that took place to use different polymer resin systems in Saudi Arabia gas wells. The two polymer resin systems are differentiated by their main component, either epoxy resin or polyester resin. The epoxy resin system is prepared by mixing an epoxy resin with an aromatic amine curing agent while the polyester resin system is prepared by mixing polyester resin with norpol peroxide curing agent, filler, and silicon dioxide. This study is the first to assess the performance of two different types of polymer resin systems and evaluate their remedial operations according to the authors’ best knowledge. In addition, this paper discusses operational challenges that may occur when using each type of polymer resin system. Lab tests were conducted to measure the thickening time, the rheological properties, compressive strength, and limitations for each polymer resin system. The tests suggest that a maximum temperature of 225°F and 275°F should be maintained when using the epoxy and polyester polymer resin systems, respectively. Based on the study, the epoxy resin system is easier to control as it is composed of only two components unlike the polyester resin system, which is comprised of several components. The lab study suggests operational recommendations to increase the probability of success of the polymer resin systems.

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Kinetic Parameters for Dilute Epoxy Resins Measured by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Review and Perspectives of Coated Proppant Technology

Setting the Standard for Resin Coated Proppant Testing

An Overview of Polymer Resin Systems Deployed for Remedial Operations in Saudi Arabia

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