Kids are different: developmental variability in toxicology

Review of Information Resources to Support Human Exposure Assessment Models

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Review of Information Resources to Support Human Exposure Assessment Models

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Cancer incidence and soil arsenic exposure in a historical gold mining area in Victoria, Australia: A geospatial analysis

“…10 Although the lowest quintile of exposure metric 1 corresponds to background soil arsenic concentrations in Australia (mean 3.9 mg/ kg, range 1 --8 mg/kg 71 ), some residential soil arsenic concentrations are known to exceed the 100 mg/kg-guideline 72 in old gold mining areas. 7,61 Children may be particularly vulnerable to, and at increased risk of, environmental exposures, 73 evidenced by an increased risk of kidney cancer mortality when exposed to arsenic in utero and during early childhood above that of adult exposures. 74 Ongoing arsenic uptake from soil by children resident in the study region was recently confirmed using synchrotron-based XRF and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy applied to thin sections of children's toenail clippings.…”

Age-specific pulmonary cytochrome P-450 3A1 expression in postnatal and adult rats

“…Given that disparities in pulmonary metabolism of xenobiotics occur between postnatal and adult animals (12,50,59) it is critical to understand levels of CYP450 isozymes at different stages of lung development when evaluating chemical exposure limits (20,21). The lungs of postnatal rats are continuing to grow, and differentiation of pulmonary epithelial cells differs by airway generation both temporally and spatially (45,48,62).…”

Review of Information Resources to Support Human Exposure Assessment Models

“……”

Cancer incidence and soil arsenic exposure in a historical gold mining area in Victoria, Australia: A geospatial analysis

“…10 Although the lowest quintile of exposure metric 1 corresponds to background soil arsenic concentrations in Australia (mean 3.9 mg/ kg, range 1 --8 mg/kg 71 ), some residential soil arsenic concentrations are known to exceed the 100 mg/kg-guideline 72 in old gold mining areas. 7,61 Children may be particularly vulnerable to, and at increased risk of, environmental exposures, 73 evidenced by an increased risk of kidney cancer mortality when exposed to arsenic in utero and during early childhood above that of adult exposures. 74 Ongoing arsenic uptake from soil by children resident in the study region was recently confirmed using synchrotron-based XRF and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy applied to thin sections of children's toenail clippings.…”

Age-specific pulmonary cytochrome P-450 3A1 expression in postnatal and adult rats

“…Given that disparities in pulmonary metabolism of xenobiotics occur between postnatal and adult animals (12,50,59) it is critical to understand levels of CYP450 isozymes at different stages of lung development when evaluating chemical exposure limits (20,21). The lungs of postnatal rats are continuing to grow, and differentiation of pulmonary epithelial cells differs by airway generation both temporally and spatially (45,48,62).…”

Review of Information Resources to Support Human Exposure Assessment Models

“……”

Cancer incidence and soil arsenic exposure in a historical gold mining area in Victoria, Australia: A geospatial analysis

“…10 Although the lowest quintile of exposure metric 1 corresponds to background soil arsenic concentrations in Australia (mean 3.9 mg/ kg, range 1 --8 mg/kg 71 ), some residential soil arsenic concentrations are known to exceed the 100 mg/kg-guideline 72 in old gold mining areas. 7,61 Children may be particularly vulnerable to, and at increased risk of, environmental exposures, 73 evidenced by an increased risk of kidney cancer mortality when exposed to arsenic in utero and during early childhood above that of adult exposures. 74 Ongoing arsenic uptake from soil by children resident in the study region was recently confirmed using synchrotron-based XRF and X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy applied to thin sections of children's toenail clippings.…”

Age-specific pulmonary cytochrome P-450 3A1 expression in postnatal and adult rats

“…Given that disparities in pulmonary metabolism of xenobiotics occur between postnatal and adult animals (12,50,59) it is critical to understand levels of CYP450 isozymes at different stages of lung development when evaluating chemical exposure limits (20,21). The lungs of postnatal rats are continuing to grow, and differentiation of pulmonary epithelial cells differs by airway generation both temporally and spatially (45,48,62).…”