Kavalactones, A Novel Class of Protein Glycation and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitors

Upadhyay, Atul; Tuenter, Emmy; Ahmad, Rizwan; Amin, Adnan; Exarchou, Vasiliki; Apers, Sandra; Hermans, Nina; Pieters, Luc

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1382949

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is well-known that no specific examination test is available to check or reveal the attack or adverse effects of any phytomedicines; 29 however, a recent accurate history and use of proper histopathology tests may help control or handle such kind of situations. 30,31 Even in most of the situations, no apparent symptoms are available, and no physical signs can be followed; however, IgG, anti-HBs as well as anti-HIV tests are the possible solution to detect such AV toxicity. Although supportive medication is used widely, in most of the cases, discontinuation of the herb also leads to patient recovery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Uses and Toxicity of Aloe vera: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2007-2017)

Ibrahim¹,

Sadah²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2019

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Background: Aloe vera (AV), mostly known as succulents, or the healing plant of the genus Aloe of Liliaceae family. It contains large range of vitamins, amino acids, antiseptic, antiinflammatory, and sulfur compounds to control and eliminate mold, bacteria, viruses; however, AV toxicity is most of the times described poorly among AV consumers. Aim of the Study: To report and highlight AV clinical uses and toxicity cases to compare and highlight its therapeutic as well toxic profile. Materials and Methods: AV cases were gathered from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and E-Resource Portal of Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University using the keywords, i.e., AV case report, AV toxicity, hepatitis, clinical trials about AV, interactions, the current uses of AV, etc. Results: Ten cases met the eligibility criteria where the toxicities were mostly associated with the usage of AV except the intended use, i.e., to be administered topically or AV capsules ingestion or as a drinkable solutions. Major symptoms observed in these cases were related to hepatocytes inflammation (hepatitis), fatigue, nausea, vomiting, thyroid dysfunction, abdominal discomfort, and diarrhea along with severe weight loss. These results were not associated with a specific age; however they were more predominant in female gender. Conclusion: AV should be taken within normal/specified dose range which can only be achieved through asking an herbal specialist, and in approved suitable dosage form which is topical.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Uses and Toxicity of Aloe vera: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2007-2017)

Ibrahim¹,

Sadah²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2019

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“…With IC50 values of 43.5 ± 1.2 μM and 45.0 ± 1.3 μM for 7 and 8, respectively, and the kavalactones inhibited the in vitro protein glycation significantly better than aminoguanidine (IC50 = 231.0 ± 11.5 μM; p = 0.01), an established reference compound. [36] Hepatotoxicity With case reports of kava hepatotoxicity, hepatotoxicity of main constituents of kava, kavalactones, were evaluated. Hepatotoxicity of compounds 7, 8 and 14 on human hepatocytes (HepG2) was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ethidium bromidemide assays by Zou et al They concluded that compound 3 had minimal cytotoxicity, compound 8 had moderate concentration-dependent toxicity, and compound 14 showed obvious toxicity with about 40% reduction in viability in the EB assay.…”

Section: Hepatoprotective Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Derived Kavalactones and Their Bioactivities

Zhang¹,

Wu²,

Liu³

et al. 2018

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Kavalactones, mainly found in Piper methysticum, are a class of lactone compounds usually with an arylethylene-pyrone skeleton. Till now, fifty-one kavalactones have been isolated from the genera Piper, Alpinia, Amomum, Polygala, Goniothalamus, and Dumortiera. The bioactivities of six kavalactones, kawain, 7,8-dihydrokawain, methysticin, dihydromethysticin, yangonin, and desmethoxyyagonin, have been studied extensively. This review aims to give an overview of kavalactones in the plants and their various bioactivities.

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“…3,5 A plethora of plants is available where they are actively used to treat disorders such as respiratory, central nervous, and cardiovascular system diseases. [6][7][8] Ephedra sinica (ES) is also considered as one of the most significant plants in traditional medicine. It belongs to the family Ephedraceae and known with its synonym in Korea, China, and Japan, i.e., Ma-huang.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical uses and Toxicity of Ephedra sinica: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2004-2017)

saeed¹,

Dhamen²,

Ahmad³

et al. 2019

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Background: Ephedra sinica (ES) (Ma-huang) is a well-known plant due to its widespread therapeutic uses. However, many adverse effects such as hepatitis, nephritises, and cardiovascular toxicity have been reported for this plant. Few of these side effects are reversible whereas others are irreversible and may even lead to death. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical uses and toxicity cases/consequences associated with the use of ES. The review will compare and evaluate the cases reported for ES and identify the causes which make the plant a poisonous one. Materials and Methods: An extensive literature review was conducted from 2004 to 2017, and research literature regarding the clinical cases were collected using databases and books such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, Research gate, PubMed, and Web of Science/Thomson Reuters whereas the keywords searched were "Ephedra sinica, " clinical cases of Ephedra sinica, "Ma-hung poisonous, " "Ma-hung toxicity reported cases and treatment, " and "Ephedra Sinica toxicity reported cases and treatment. " Results: eleven different cases were identified which met the eligibility criteria and were studied in detail to extract out the findings. It turned out that most of the patients and participants developed adverse side effects following the use of ES, and after a proper course of treatment or trail, some of the side effects were reversible, whereas others were found irreversible. The most common adverse effects and toxicity observed in patients were liver problems, renal failures, and cardiac toxicity which resulted in two mortalities whereas the other two got recovered. On an in-depth study, it was revealed that most of the toxicities in such cases were associated with the use of ES in combination with other conventional drugs, long-term use, or use in patients with cardiac and renal problems without a medical supervision. Conclusion: Hence, it is concluded that ES may have reversible as well as irreversible adverse effects and may even result in death; however, the use of a plant with the proper knowledge and under sound medical supervision may reduce such exaggerations.

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Kavalactones, A Novel Class of Protein Glycation and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitors

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Clinical Uses and Toxicity of Aloe vera: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2007-2017)

Clinical Uses and Toxicity of Aloe vera: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2007-2017)

Plant-Derived Kavalactones and Their Bioactivities

Clinical uses and Toxicity of Ephedra sinica: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Retrospective Review (2004-2017)

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