Juvenile Growth and Morphological Traits of Micropropagated Black Locust (Robinia Pseudoacacia L.) Clones under Arid Site Conditions

Abstract

-In Hungary black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is considered as an important exotic stand-forming tree species growing mostly under unfavourable ecological conditions for forest management. Due to climate change effects its importance is increasing in many other countries, too. As a result of a selection programme new black locust clones were tested in clone trials. Juvenile growth and the morphological as well as phenological traits of four micropropagated black locust clones were evaluated in central Hungary under dry site conditions. Significant differences (P<5%) were found for DBH and field survival rate values. At age of 7 the clone R.p. 'Bácska' ('KH 56A 2/5') appears to be especially promising for mass propagation. Tissue culture can be considered as a suitable tool for propagating superior individuals and offers new prospects for the rapid cloning of selected genotypes used for plantation forestry.Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) / clone trial / juvenile growth / micropropagation Kivonat -Mikroszaporított fehér akác (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) klónok fiatalkori növekedése és morfológiai jellemzői száraz termőhelyeken. Magyarországon a fehér akác (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) fontos állományalkotó egzóta fafaj, főként az erdőgazdálkodás számára kedvezőtlen termőhelyeken. A klímaváltozás hatásai miatt a fafaj jelentősége folyamatosan növekszik több más országban is. Egy szelekciós program eredményeként új akác klónokat állítottunk elő klónkísérletek létesítése céljából. Jelen tanulmányban négy mikroszaporítással előállított akác klónt értékeltünk fiatalkori növekedésük, továbbá morfológiai és fenológiai jellemzőik alapján Közép-Magyarországon száraz termőhelyi viszonyok között. Szignifikáns különbséget (P<5%) találtunk a mellmagassági átmérő és a megmaradási értékek tekintetében. 7 éves korban az R.p. 'Bácska' ('KH 56A 2/5') klón különösen ígéretesnek tűnik a tömegszaporításra. A szövettenyésztéses szaporítási eljárás megfelelő eszköznek tekinthető az ültetvényes fatermesztés területén kiváló minőségű egyedek klónos elszaporítására, új távlatokat nyújtva ezzel a kiválasztott genotípusok gyors klónozására.Fehér akác (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) / klónkísérlet / fiatalkori növekedés / mikroszaporítás

Biomass Yield and Economic, Energy and Carbon Balances of Ulmus pumila L., Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Populus × euroamericana (Dode) Guinier Short-Rotation Coppices on Degraded Lands under Mediterranean Climate

“…This article shows the research carried out in four independent field trials, which have several aspects in common: the location was the same for three of them; two species, Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Populus × euroamericana (Dode) Guinier, were used in the four trials, and Ulmus pumila L. in three of them; the crops were developed in Spain under a Mediterranean climate; they were designed as short-rotation coppices (SRC) for energy purposes; and both the irrigation and fertilization also coincided to a great extent. Different intraspecific taxa were used for poplars and black locust because the tolerance to environmental stresses and the nutrient requirements of these species can vary significantly [19,31,36]. Two sites with marginal agricultural lands were selected, located in the provinces of Granada (Los Morales-Mo; UTM, zone 30S, X:535457, Y:4191514, 1084 m.a.s.l.)…”

“…Ulmus pumila and Robinia pseudoacacia have not been subjected to advanced genetic improvement programs, nor do they offer selected clonal plants. For the latter species, studies in this regard were started a few years ago [35,36] in central Europe, but the clones are not adapted to the arid edaphoclimatic conditions of the Mediterranean basin, nor are they available on the market. Consequently, these two species require selection, improvement and breeding programs due to the high growth variability shown by R. pseudoacacia in trial plots established up to now, and the difficulties of vegetative propagation of U. pumila, mainly in vitro [37,38].…”

Comparison of Juvenile, Drought Tolerant Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) Clones with Regard to Plant Physiology and Growth Characteristics in Eastern Hungary: Early Evaluation

“…Therefore, in the early 1960s, research work was initiated at the Hungarian Forest Research Institute to improve the stem quality and increase the yield of black locust [22,24]. In the last decades, several programs have been launched, which have resulted in numerous state-approved cultivars and candidate cultivars [24,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

“…Several countries have sent researchers and apprentices to Hungary to study black locust growing technology. A large number of studies and scientific articles have been published at an international level [22,24,25,[37][38][39][40][41][43][44][45], and in the late 1980s and early 1990s, the export of propagating material of some black locust cultivars and candidate cultivars was initiated.…”

Analyses of periodic annual increment by diameter and volume in differently aged black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stands: Case study

“…Moreover, the tree is suitable for planting in urban or industrial areas due to its tolerance to air pollution, drought, toxic, salty or nutrient-poor soils. It is also to be considered as a significant tree species in mitigating the negative effects of global and local climate change on the environment including forest management (Rédei et al 2013;Mantovani et al 2014;Moser et al 2016Moser et al , 2018Keserü et al 2021;Ábri et al 2022). The ecological risks of black locust are well-known, and many studies have been published on this subject (Vítková, Kolbek 2010, Vítková et al 2015Sádlo et al 2017).…”