Judgments of Marketing Professionals about Ethical Issues in Marketing Research: A Replication and Extension

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“…Researchers have been unable to conclude, however, whether the use of a code necessarily predicts ethical intentions and behaviors. Akaah and Riordan (1989) found that the existence of a formal code of ethics did not significantly relate to people's ethical judgments. Similarly, Hunt et al (1984) found that the existence of a corporate code of ethics made no difference in respondents' perceptions of ethical problems in their organizations.…”

“…The use of formal codes of conduct is discussed in the literature as a potential predictor of ethical behavior (Akaah and Riordan, 1989;Hunt, Chonko and Wilcox, 1984). Researchers have been unable to conclude, however, whether the use of a code necessarily predicts ethical intentions and behaviors.…”

“…Akaah, 1996), managerial level has generally been found to be a robust predictor in ethics research, with those at higher levels reporting more ethical behavior and values. Callan (1992) found that managerial level can predict perceptions of ethical problems (see also Hunt et al, 1984), and Akaah and Riordan (1989) found it can predict ethical judgments.…”

The Comparative Study of Moral Games in Educational Markets

“…When resources and contribution from community increase, it facilitates more people participate in the schools' development and makes moral games in educational markets flourish. 54,55 Secondly, Taiwan and other countries provide a wide variety of curriculums for students. For example, Taiwan pays attention to multiple activities as well as intellectual education to cultivate students' various abilities.…”

Marketing, Morality and the Natural Environment

“…This includes analyses of ethical issues relating to the basic 4P's -product, promotion, pricing, and distribution decisions (for reviews see Smith and Quelch, 1993;Laczniak and Murphy, 1993). Also, market research techniques have been examined (Akaah and Riordan, 1989), as have targeting practices, and in particular the ethics of targeting specific 'vulnerable' groups such as children (Beauchamp, 1989;Sharp Paine, 1993), ethnic minorities (Smith, 1995), and patients (Beauchamp, 1989). Robin and Reidenbach (1993) have identified the predominant use of the 'grand narratives' of ethical theory -most notably, deontology, utilitarianism, and to a lesser extent, virtue ethics -in the normative marketing ethics literature.…”